Melting of Magnesium Borohydride under High Hydrogen Pressure: Thermodynamic Stability and Effects of Nanoconfinement

White, James L.; Strange, Nicholas A.; Sugar, Joshua D.; Snider, Jonathan L.; Schneemann, Andreas; Lipton, Andrew S.; Toney, Michael F.; Allendorf, Mark D.; Stavila, Vitalie

doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01050

Melting of Magnesium Borohydride under High Hydrogen Pressure: Thermodynamic Stability and Effects of Nanoconfinement

Journal Article · Thu Jun 04 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Chemistry of Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01050· OSTI ID:1639064

^[1]; Strange, Nicholas A. ^[2]; Sugar, Joshua D. ^[1]; Snider, Jonathan L. ^[1]; ^[1]; Lipton, Andrew S. ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[1]; ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

The thermodynamic stability and melting point of magnesium borohydride were probed under hydrogen pressures up to 1000 bar (100 MPa) and temperatures up to 400 °C. At 400 °C, Mg(BH$$_4$$)$$_2$$ was found to be chemically stable between 700 and 1000 bar H$$_2$$, whereas under 350 bar H$$_2$$ or lower pressures, the bulk material partially decomposed into MgH2 and MgB$$_{12}$$H$$_{12}$$. The melting point of solvent-free Mg(BH4)$$_2$$ was estimated to be 367–375 °C, which was above previously reported values by 40–90 °C. Our results indicated that a high hydrogen backpressure is needed to prevent the decomposition of Mg(BH$$_4$$)$$_2$$ before measuring the melting point and that molten Mg(BH$$_4$$)$$_2$$ can exist as a stable liquid phase between 367 and 400 °C under hydrogen overpressures of 700 bar or above. The occurrence of a pure molten Mg(BH$$_4$$)$$_2$$ phase enabled efficient melt-infiltration of Mg(BH$$_4$$)$$_2$$ into the pores of porous templated carbons (CMK-3 and CMK-8) and graphene aerogels. Both transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering confirmed efficient incorporation of the borohydride into the carbon pores. The Mg(BH$$_4$$)$$_2$$@carbon samples exhibited comparable hydrogen capacities to bulk Mg(BH$$_4$$)$$_2$$ upon desorption up to 390 °C based on the mass of the active component; the onset of hydrogen release was reduced by 15–25 °C compared to the bulk. Importantly, melt-infiltration under hydrogen pressure was shown to be an efficient way to introduce metal borohydrides into the pores of carbon-based materials, helping to prevent particle agglomeration and formation of stable closo-polyborate byproducts.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Fuel Cell Technologies Program (EE-2H); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1639064

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1656765
OSTI ID: 1665874
OSTI ID: 1673309

Report Number(s):: SAND--2020-6363J; 686821

Journal Information:: Chemistry of Materials, Journal Name: Chemistry of Materials Journal Issue: 13 Vol. 32; ISSN 1520-5002; ISSN 0897-4756

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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