Far-forward neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider

Bai, Weidong; Diwan, Milind; Garzelli, Maria Vittoria; Jeong, Yu Seon; Reno, Mary Hall

doi:10.1007/jhep06(2020)032

Far-forward neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider

Journal Article · Wed Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2020)032· OSTI ID:1638788

Bai, Weidong; Diwan, Milind; Garzelli, Maria Vittoria; Jeong, Yu Seon; Reno, Mary Hall

We present a new calculation of the energy distribution of high-energy neutrinos from the decay of charm and bottom hadrons produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the kinematical region of very forward rapidities, heavy-flavor production and decay is a source of tau neutrinos that leads to thousands of charged-current tau neutrino events in a 1 m long, 1 m radius lead neutrino detector at a distance of 480 m from the interaction region. In our computation, next-to-leading order QCD radiative corrections are accounted for in the production cross-sections. Non-perturbative intrinsic-kT effects are approximated by a simple phenomenological model introducing a Gaussian kT-smearing of the parton distribution functions, which might also mimic perturbative effects due to multiple initial-state soft-gluon emissions. The transition from partonic to hadronic states is described by phenomenological fragmentation functions. To study the effect of various input parameters, theoretical predictions for D± s production are compared with LHCb data on double-differential cross-sections in transverse momentum and rapidity. The uncertainties related to the choice of the input parameter values, ultimately affecting the predictions of the tau neutrino event distributions, are discussed. We consider a 3+1 neutrino mixing scenario to illustrate the potential for a neutrino experiment to constrain the 3+1 parameter space using tau neutrinos and antineutrinos. We find large theoretical uncertainties in the predictions of the neutrino fluxes in the far-forward region. Untangling the effects of tau neutrino oscillations into sterile neutrinos and distinguishing a 3+1 scenario from the standard scenario with three active neutrino flavours, will be challenging due to the large theoretical uncertainties from QCD.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010113; SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1638788

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1656864

Report Number(s):: BNL-216157-2020-JAAM

Journal Information:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online), Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online) Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 2020; ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer BerlinCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (67)

The prompt atmospheric neutrino flux in the light of LHCb Gauld, Rhorry; Rojo, Juan; Rottoli, Luca Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep02(2016)130	journal	February 2016
Prompt neutrinos from atmospheric charm in the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme Benzke, M.; Garzelli, M. V.; Kniehl, B. A. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep12(2017)021	journal	December 2017
, NLO Perturbative QCD and O(1 GeV) Mass Corrections Kretzer, S.; Reno, M. H. Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements, Vol. 139 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2004.11.237	journal	February 2005
Pinning down the linearly-polarised gluons inside unpolarised protons using quarkonium-pair production at the LHC Lansberg, Jean-Philippe; Pisano, Cristian; Scarpa, Florent Physics Letters B, Vol. 784 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2018.08.004	journal	September 2018
The Neutrino Cross Section and Upward Going Muons Lipari, Paolo; Lusignoli, Maurizio; Sartogo, Francesca Physical Review Letters, Vol. 74, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.74.4384	journal	May 1995
Combined analysis of charm-quark fragmentation-fraction measurements Zenaiev, Oleksandr; Lisovyi, Mykhailo; Verbytskyi, Andrii Proceedings of XXIV International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects — PoS(DIS2016) https://doi.org/10.22323/1.265.0138	conference	November 2016
Prompt atmospheric neutrino fluxes: perturbative QCD models and nuclear effects Bhattacharya, Atri; Enberg, Rikard; Jeong, Yu Seon arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1607.00193	text	January 2016
Global analysis of three-flavour neutrino oscillations: synergies and tensions in the determination of θ23, δCP, and the mass ordering Esteban, Ivan; Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.; Hernandez-Cabezudo, Alvaro Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2019)106	journal	January 2019
DsTau: study of tau neutrino production with 400 GeV protons from the CERN-SPS Aoki, Shigeki; Ariga, Akitaka; Ariga, Tomoko Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2020)033	journal	January 2020
The prompt atmospheric neutrino flux in the light of LHCb Gauld, Rhorry; Rojo, Juan; Rottoli, Luca Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2016)130	journal	February 2016
Prompt neutrinos and intrinsic charm at SHiP Bai, Weidong; Reno, Mary Hall Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2019, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2019)077	journal	February 2019
Improved constraints on parton distributions using LHCb, ALICE and HERA heavy-flavour measurements and implications for the predictions for prompt atmospheric-neutrino fluxes Zenaiev, O.; Garzelli, M. V.; Lipka, K. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2020)118	journal	April 2020
Prompt neutrino fluxes in the atmosphere with PROSA parton distribution functions Garzelli, M. V.; Moch, S.; Zenaiev, O. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2017)004	journal	May 2017
Perturbative charm production and the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux in light of RHIC and LHC Bhattacharya, Atri; Enberg, Rikard; Reno, Mary Hall Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2015, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2015)110	journal	June 2015
Updated global analysis of neutrino oscillations in the presence of eV-scale sterile neutrinos Dentler, Mona; Hernández-Cabezudo, Álvaro; Kopp, Joachim Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2018)010	journal	August 2018
The estimation of neutrino fluxes produced by proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 14 $ TeV of the LHC Park, HyangKyu Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2011, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2011)092	journal	October 2011
Theoretical predictions for charm and bottom production at the LHC Cacciari, Matteo; Frixione, Stefano; Houdeau, Nicolas Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2012, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2012)137	journal	October 2012
Matter effect of light sterile neutrino: an exact analytical approach Li, Wei; Ling, Jiajie; Xu, Fanrong Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2018)021	journal	October 2018
Prompt atmospheric neutrino fluxes: perturbative QCD models and nuclear effects Bhattacharya, Atri; Enberg, Rikard; Jeong, Yu Seon Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2016, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2016)167	journal	November 2016
Prompt neutrinos from atmospheric charm in the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme Benzke, M.; Garzelli, M. V.; Kniehl, B. A. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2017, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2017)021	journal	December 2017
Radiative corrections to $K_{\ell 3}$ decays Cirigliano, V.; Knecht, M.; Neufeld, H. The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 23, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s100520100825	journal	March 2002
Ratio of in atmospheric neutrinos Barr, Stephen; Gaisser, T. K.; Lipari, Paolo Physics Letters B, Vol. 214, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(88)90468-6	journal	November 1988
The total cross section for the production of heavy quarks in hadronic collisions Nason, P.; Dawson, S.; Ellis, R. K. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 303, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(88)90422-1	journal	July 1988
The one particle inclusive differential cross section for heavy quark production in hadronic collisions Nason, P.; Dawson, S.; Ellis, R. K. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 327, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(89)90286-1	journal	November 1989
High energy factorization and small-x heavy flavour production Catani, S.; Ciafaloni, M.; Hautmann, F. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 366, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(91)90055-3	journal	November 1991
Heavy-quark production in very high energy hadron collisions Collins, J. C.; Ellis, R. K. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 360, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(91)90288-9	journal	August 1991
Heavy-quark correlations in hadron collisions at next-to-leading order Mangano, Michelangelo L.; Nason, Paolo; Ridolfi, Giovanni Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 373, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(92)90435-E	journal	April 1992
Neutrino fluxes at future hadron colliders De Rújula, A.; Fernández, E.; Gómez-Cadenas, J. J. Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 405, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(93)90427-Q	journal	September 1993
W production in an improved parton-shower approach Miu, Gabriela; Sjöstrand, Torbjörn Physics Letters B, Vol. 449, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00068-4	journal	March 1999
An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2 Sjöstrand, Torbjörn; Ask, Stefan; Christiansen, Jesper R. Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 191 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2015.01.024	journal	June 2015
The Pythia event generator: Past, present and future Sjöstrand, Torbjörn Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 246 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2019.106910	journal	January 2020
Effect of flavor-dependent partonic transverse momentum on the determination of the W boson mass in hadronic collisions Bacchetta, Alessandro; Bozzi, Giuseppe; Radici, Marco Physics Letters B, Vol. 788 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2018.11.002	journal	January 2019
Measurement of the multi-TeV neutrino interaction cross-section with IceCube using Earth absorption No authors listed Nature, Vol. 551, Issue 7682, p. 596-600 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24459	journal	November 2017
IceCube Sterile Neutrino Searches Jones, B. J. P. EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 207 https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920704005	journal	January 2019
Three flavor neutrino oscillations in matter Ohlsson, Tommy; Snellman, Håkan Journal of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 41, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.533270	journal	May 2000
The search for an additional neutrino mass eigenstate in the 2–100 eV region from ‘Troitsk nu-mass’ data: a detailed analysis Belesev, A. I.; Berlev, A. I.; Geraskin, E. V. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 41, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/41/1/015001	journal	December 2013
A positive-weight next-to-leading-order Monte Carlo for heavy flavour hadroproduction Frixione, Stefano; Ridolfi, Giovanni; Nason, Paolo Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2007, Issue 09 https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2007/09/126	journal	September 2007
Matching NLO QCD computations with parton shower simulations: the POWHEG method Frixione, Stefano; Nason, Paolo; Oleari, Carlo Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2007, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2007/11/070	journal	November 2007
Physics potential of an experiment using LHC neutrinos Beni, N.; Brucoli, M.; Buontempo, S. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ab3f7c	journal	October 2019
Review of Particle Physics Olive, K. A. Chinese Physics C, Vol. 40, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/40/10/100001	journal	October 2016
EPOS LHC: Test of collective hadronization with data measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider Pierog, T.; Karpenko, Iu.; Katzy, J. M. Physical Review C, Vol. 92, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034906	journal	September 2015
Azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive J / ψ + jet production at an EIC D’Alesio, Umberto; Murgia, Francesco; Pisano, Cristian Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.094016	journal	November 2019
Hadronic interaction model sibyll 2.3 c and inclusive lepton fluxes Fedynitch, Anatoli; Riehn, Felix; Engel, Ralph Physical Review D, Vol. 100, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.103018	journal	November 2019
Scaling violations in inclusive e + e − annihilation spectra Peterson, C.; Schlatter, D.; Schmitt, I. Physical Review D, Vol. 27, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.27.105	journal	January 1983
Flux of atmospheric neutrinos Barr, Giles; Gaisser, T. K.; Stanev, Todor Physical Review D, Vol. 39, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.39.3532	journal	June 1989
Tau neutrino fluxes from atmospheric charm Pasquali, L.; Reno, M. H. Physical Review D, Vol. 59, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.59.093003	journal	March 1999
Higgs boson production: A comparison of parton showers and resummation Balázs, C.; Huston, J.; Puljak, I. Physical Review D, Vol. 63, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.63.014021	journal	December 2000
Tau neutrino deep inelastic charged current interactions Kretzer, S.; Reno, M. H. Physical Review D, Vol. 66, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.66.113007	journal	December 2002
Target mass corrections to electroweak structure functions and perturbative neutrino cross sections Kretzer, S.; Reno, M. H. Physical Review D, Vol. 69, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.69.034002	journal	February 2004
Electromagnetic structure functions and neutrino-nucleon scattering Reno, M. H. Physical Review D, Vol. 74, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.74.033001	journal	August 2006
Quark mass effects in high energy neutrino-nucleon scattering Jeong, Yu Seon; Reno, Mary Hall Physical Review D, Vol. 81, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.81.114012	journal	June 2010
Tau neutrino and antineutrino cross sections Jeong, Yu Seon; Reno, Mary Hall Physical Review D, Vol. 82, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.82.033010	journal	August 2010
Tuning Monte Carlo generators: The Perugia tunes Skands, Peter Z. Physical Review D, Vol. 82, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.82.074018	journal	October 2010
Monte Carlo treatment of hadronic interactions in enhanced Pomeron scheme: QGSJET-II model Ostapchenko, S. Physical Review D, Vol. 83, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.83.014018	journal	January 2011
nCTEQ15: Global analysis of nuclear parton distributions with uncertainties in the CTEQ framework Kovařík, K.; Kusina, A.; Ježo, T. Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.93.085037	journal	April 2016
Measurements of longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions for neutral pions in the forward-rapidity region with the LHCf detector Adriani, O.; Berti, E.; Bonechi, L. Physical Review D, Vol. 94, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.032007	journal	August 2016
Probing the gluon Sivers function in p ↑ p → J / ψ X and p ↑ p → D X D’Alesio, Umberto; Murgia, Francesco; Pisano, Cristian Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.036011	journal	August 2017
ForwArd Search ExpeRiment at the LHC Feng, Jonathan L.; Galon, Iftah; Kling, Felix Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.035001	journal	February 2018
Review of Particle Physics Tanabashi, M.; Hagiwara, K.; Hikasa, K. Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.030001	journal	August 2018
Extracting the Energy-Dependent Neutrino-Nucleon Cross Section above 10 TeV Using IceCube Showers Bustamante, Mauricio; Connolly, Amy Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.041101	journal	January 2019
The Neutrino Cross Section and Upward Going Muons Lipari, Paolo; Lusignoli, Maurizio; Sartogo, Francesca Physical Review Letters, Vol. 74, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.4384	journal	May 1995
Upper limit on additional neutrino mass eigenstate in 2 to 100 eV region from “Troitsk nu-Mass” data Belesev, A. I.; Berlev, A. I.; Geraskin, E. V. JETP Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364013020033	journal	March 2013
Combined analysis of charm-quark fragmentation-fraction measurements Lisovyi, Mykhailo; Verbytskyi, Andrii; Zenaiev, Oleksandr The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 76, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4246-y	journal	July 2016
IceCube bounds on sterile neutrinos above 10 eV Blennow, Mattias; Fernandez-Martinez, Enrique; Gehrlein, Julia The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 78, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6282-2	journal	October 2018
Gluon TMDs and NRQCD matrix elements in $${J}{/}{\psi }$$J/ψ production at an EIC Bacchetta, Alessandro; Boer, Daniël; Pisano, Cristian The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 80, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7620-8	journal	January 2020
eV-Scale Sterile Neutrinos Giunti, Carlo; Lasserre, Thierry Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 69, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-101918-023755	journal	October 2019
Measurements of longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions for neutral pions in the forward-rapidity region with the LHCf detector Collaboration, LHCf HEPData https://doi.org/10.17182/hepdata.74066.v1	collection	January 2016

Cited By (3)

Probing Light Gauge Bosons in Tau Neutrino Experiments Kling, Felix arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2005.03594	text	January 2020
FORMOSA: Looking Forward to Millicharged Dark Sectors Foroughi-Abari, Saeid; Kling, Felix; Tsai, Yu-Dai arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2010.07941	text	January 2020
Oscillations of sterile neutrinos from dark matter decay eliminates the IceCube-Fermi tension Anchordoqui, Luis A.; Barger, Vernon; Marfatia, Danny arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2101.09559	text	January 2021

Similar Records

Far-forward neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider

Technical Report · Thu Feb 06 23:00:00 EST 2020 · OSTI ID:1599289

Parton distribution function uncertainties in theoretical predictions for far-forward tau neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider

Journal Article · Sun Jun 26 20:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of High Energy Physics (Online) · OSTI ID:1875468

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
Beyond Standard Model
Heavy Quark Physics
Neutrino Physics

Far-forward neutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider

Citation Formats

References (67)

Cited By (3)

Similar Records

Related Subjects