Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

Wang, Yilin; Wang, Xiaohui; Lin, Baojun; Bi, Zhaozhao; Zhou, Xiaobo; Naveed, Hafiz Bilal; Zhou, Ke; Yan, Hongping; Tang, Zheng; Ma, Wei

doi:10.1002/aenm.202000826

Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

Journal Article · Thu Jun 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202000826· OSTI ID:1637702

Wang, Yilin ^[1]; Wang, Xiaohui ^[1]; Lin, Baojun ^[1]; Bi, Zhaozhao ^[1]; Zhou, Xiaobo ^[1]; Naveed, Hafiz Bilal ^[1]; Zhou, Ke ^[1]; Yan, Hongping ^[2]; Tang, Zheng ^[3]; ^[1]

Xi'an Jiaotong Univ., Shaanxi (China)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Donghua Univ., Shanghai (China)

Sequential deposition has great potential to achieve high performance in organic solar cells due to the resulting well-controlled vertical phase separation. In this work, double bulk heterojunction organic solar cells are fabricated by sequential-blade cast in ambient conditions. Probed by the in situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and in situ UV–vis absorption measurements, the seq-blade system exhibits a different tendency from each of the binary films during the film formation process. Due to the extensive aggregation of FOIC, the binary PBDB-T:FOIC film displays a strong and large phase separation, resulting in low current density (J sc) and unsatisfactory power conversion efficiency. In the seq-blade cast system, the bottom layer PBDB-T:IT-M produces many crystal nuclei for the top layer PBDB-T:FOIC, so the PBDB-T molecules are able to crystallize easily and quickly. Balanced crystallization kinetics between polymer and small molecule and an ideal percolation network in the film are observed. In addition, the balanced crystallization kinetics are favorable toward realizing lower recombination loss through charge transport processes.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1637702

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1633127

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Journal Issue: 28 Vol. 10; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (65)

Influence of Blend Morphology and Energetics on Charge Separation and Recombination Dynamics in Organic Solar Cells Incorporating a Nonfullerene Acceptor Cha, Hyojung; Wheeler, Scot; Holliday, Sarah Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201704389	journal	November 2017
Revealing the Impact of F4-TCNQ as Additive on Morphology and Performance of High-Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells Xiong, Yuan; Ye, Long; Gadisa, Abay Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201806262	journal	November 2018
Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by the Integration of Nonfullerene and Fullerene Acceptors with a Broad Composition Tolerance Fu, Huiting; Li, Chao; Bi, Pengqing Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201807006	journal	December 2018
Solvent Additive Effects on Small Molecule Crystallization in Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Probed During Spin Casting Perez, Louis A.; Chou, Kang Wei; Love, John A. Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201302389	journal	September 2013
Fullerene-Free Polymer Solar Cells with over 11% Efficiency and Excellent Thermal Stability Zhao, Wenchao; Qian, Deping; Zhang, Shaoqing Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201600281	journal	April 2016
Ternary Organic Solar Cells Based on Two Compatible Nonfullerene Acceptors with Power Conversion Efficiency >10% Liu, Tao; Guo, Yuan; Yi, Yuanping Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201602570	journal	September 2016
Energy-Level Modulation of Small-Molecule Electron Acceptors to Achieve over 12% Efficiency in Polymer Solar Cells Li, Sunsun; Ye, Long; Zhao, Wenchao Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201602776	journal	September 2016
Organic Planar Heterojunctions: From Models for Interfaces in Bulk Heterojunctions to High-Performance Solar Cells Nakano, Kyohei; Tajima, Keisuke Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201603269	journal	November 2016
Panchromatic Sequentially Cast Ternary Polymer Solar Cells Ghasemi, Masoud; Ye, Long; Zhang, Qianqian Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201604603	journal	November 2016
Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Consisting of Double Bulk Heterojunction Layers Huang, Jiang; Wang, Hanyu; Yan, Kangrong Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201606729	journal	March 2017
In Situ GIWAXS Analysis of Solvent and Additive Effects on PTB7 Thin Film Microstructure Evolution during Spin Coating Manley, Eric F.; Strzalka, Joseph; Fauvell, Thomas J. Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703933	journal	October 2017
Fused Tris(thienothiophene)-Based Electron Acceptor with Strong Near-Infrared Absorption for High-Performance As-Cast Solar Cells Li, Tengfei; Dai, Shuixing; Ke, Zhifan Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705969	journal	January 2018
Solvent Additives: Key Morphology-Directing Agents for Solution-Processed Organic Solar Cells McDowell, Caitlin; Abdelsamie, Maged; Toney, Michael F. Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201707114	journal	June 2018
Optimized Fibril Network Morphology by Precise Side-Chain Engineering to Achieve High-Performance Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Liu, Tao; Huo, Lijun; Chandrabose, Sreelakshmi Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201707353	journal	May 2018
Blade-Cast Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells in Air with Excellent Morphology, Efficiency, and Stability Zhang, Lin; Lin, Baojun; Hu, Bo Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201800343	journal	April 2018
Toward Efficient Polymer Solar Cells Processed by a Solution-Processed Layer-By-Layer Approach Cui, Yong; Zhang, Shaoqing; Liang, Ningning Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802499	journal	July 2018
Morphology Control Enables Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells Xie, Yuanpeng; Yang, Fan; Li, Yuxiang Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201803045	journal	August 2018
Achieving Balanced Crystallinity of Donor and Acceptor by Combining Blade-Coating and Ternary Strategies in Organic Solar Cells Zhang, Lin; Xu, Xianbin; Lin, Baojun Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 51 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201805041	journal	October 2018
Regulating Bulk‐Heterojunction Molecular Orientations through Surface Free Energy Control of Hole‐Transporting Layers for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells Wang, Jianqiu; Zheng, Zhong; Zhang, Dongyang Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201806921	journal	March 2019
Understanding the High Performance of over 15% Efficiency in Single‐Junction Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Karki, Akchheta; Vollbrecht, Joachim; Dixon, Alana L. Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903868	journal	October 2019
Graphdiyne Derivative as Multifunctional Solid Additive in Binary Organic Solar Cells with 17.3% Efficiency and High Reproductivity Liu, Le; Kan, Yuanyuan; Gao, Ke Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201907604	journal	February 2020
High-Performance Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells Based on a Selenium-Containing Polymer Donor and a Twisted Perylene Bisimide Acceptor Liu, Tao; Meng, Dong; Cai, Yunhao Advanced Science, Vol. 3, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201600117	journal	April 2016
Domain Purity, Miscibility, and Molecular Orientation at Donor/Acceptor Interfaces in High Performance Organic Solar Cells: Paths to Further Improvement Ma, Wei; Tumbleston, John R.; Wang, Ming Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201200912	journal	March 2013
Layer-by-Layer Solution-Processed Low-Bandgap Polymer-PC ₆₁ BM Solar Cells with High Efficiency Cheng, Pei; Hou, Jianhui; Li, Yongfang Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201301349	journal	March 2014
In Situ Morphology Studies of the Mechanism for Solution Additive Effects on the Formation of Bulk Heterojunction Films Richter, Lee J.; DeLongchamp, Dean M.; Bokel, Felicia A. Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201400975	journal	September 2014
Beyond Langevin Recombination: How Equilibrium Between Free Carriers and Charge Transfer States Determines the Open-Circuit Voltage of Organic Solar Cells Burke, Timothy M.; Sweetnam, Sean; Vandewal, Koen Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201500123	journal	April 2015
Synergistic Impact of Solvent and Polymer Additives on the Film Formation of Small Molecule Blend Films for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells McDowell, Caitlin; Abdelsamie, Maged; Zhao, Kui Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201501121	journal	July 2015
Layer-by-Layer Processed Organic Solar Cells Wang, Yifan; Zhan, Xiaowei Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201600414	journal	April 2016
Comparison of the Morphology Development of Polymer-Fullerene and Polymer-Polymer Solar Cells during Solution-Shearing Blade Coating Gu, Xiaodan; Yan, Hongping; Kurosawa, Tadanori Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201601225	journal	August 2016
Multiple Cases of Efficient Nonfullerene Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by an Effective Morphology Control Method Jiang, Kui; Zhang, Guangye; Yang, Guofang Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201701370	journal	December 2017
Morphology Control in Organic Solar Cells Zhao, Fuwen; Wang, Chunru; Zhan, Xiaowei Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201703147	journal	March 2018
The Critical Impact of Material and Process Compatibility on the Active Layer Morphology and Performance of Organic Ternary Solar Cells Kim, Joo-Hyun; Schaefer, Charley; Ma, Tingxuan Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201802293	journal	November 2018
Higher Mobility and Carrier Lifetimes in Solution-Processable Small-Molecule Ternary Solar Cells with 11% Efficiency Liang, Ru-Ze; Zhang, Yiming; Savikhin, Victoria Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201802836	journal	December 2018
Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss Caused by Aggregation of Nonfullerene Acceptor in Organic Solar Cells Qin, Yunpeng; Zhang, Shaoqing; Xu, Ye Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901823	journal	August 2019
Highly efficient and stable organic solar cell modules processed by blade coating with 5.6% module efficiency and active area of 216 cm ² Huang, Kuan-Min; Wong, Ying Qian; Lin, Man-Chun Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, Vol. 27, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3078	journal	October 2018
Understanding Energy Loss in Organic Solar Cells: Toward a New Efficiency Regime Menke, S. Matthew; Ran, Niva A.; Bazan, Guillermo C. Joule, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2017.09.020	journal	January 2018
A Printable Organic Cathode Interlayer Enables over 13% Efficiency for 1-cm2 Organic Solar Cells Kang, Qian; Ye, Long; Xu, Bowei Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.10.024	journal	January 2019
Single-Junction Organic Solar Cell with over 15% Efficiency Using Fused-Ring Acceptor with Electron-Deficient Core Yuan, Jun; Zhang, Yunqiang; Zhou, Liuyang Joule, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.01.004	journal	April 2019
Solution-processable functionalized graphene in donor/acceptor-type organic photovoltaic cells Liu, Zhiyong; He, Dawei; Wang, Yongsheng Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 94, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2010.03.004	journal	July 2010
Probing surface and interface morphology with Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Renaud, Gilles; Lazzari, Rémi; Leroy, Frédéric Surface Science Reports, Vol. 64, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2009.07.002	journal	August 2009
Interfacial and Bulk Nanostructures Control Loss of Charges in Organic Solar Cells Naveed, Hafiz Bilal; Zhou, Ke; Ma, Wei Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 52, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00331	journal	September 2019
Charge Separation in Intermixed Polymer:PC ₇₀ BM Photovoltaic Blends: Correlating Structural and Photophysical Length Scales as a Function of Blend Composition Utzat, Hendrik; Dimitrov, Stoichko D.; Wheeler, Scot The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 121, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b02898	journal	May 2017
Importance of Nucleation during Morphology Evolution of the Blade-Cast PffBT4T-2OD-Based Organic Solar Cells Bi, Zhaozhao; Naveed, Hafiz Bilal; Mao, Yimin Macromolecules, Vol. 51, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01156	journal	August 2018
Selenopheno[3,2- b ]thiophene-Based Narrow-Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptor Enabling 13.3% Efficiency for Organic Solar Cells with Thickness-Insensitive Feature Wang, Jin-Liang; Liu, Kai-Kai; Hong, Ling ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01808	journal	November 2018
Molecular Orientation of Polymer Acceptor Dominates Open-Circuit Voltage Losses in All-Polymer Solar Cells Zhou, Ke; Wu, Yang; Liu, Yanfeng ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00416	journal	April 2019
Electroluminescence from Charge Transfer States in Polymer Solar Cells Tvingstedt, Kristofer; Vandewal, Koen; Gadisa, Abay Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja903100p	journal	August 2009
Nanoscale Morphology of High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells Yang, Xiaoniu; Loos, Joachim; Veenstra, Sjoerd C. Nano Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 4, p. 579-583 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl048120i	journal	April 2005
Efficient organic solar cells processed from hydrocarbon solvents Zhao, Jingbo; Li, Yunke; Yang, Guofang Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2015.27	journal	January 2016
Fast charge separation in a non-fullerene organic solar cell with a small driving force Liu, Jing; Chen, Shangshang; Qian, Deping Nature Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.89	journal	June 2016
Impact of interfacial molecular orientation on radiative recombination and charge generation efficiency Ran, Niva A.; Roland, Steffen; Love, John A. Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00107-4	journal	July 2017
Quantitative relations between interaction parameter, miscibility and function in organic solar cells Ye, Long; Hu, Huawei; Ghasemi, Masoud Nature Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-017-0005-1	journal	February 2018
High-efficiency non-fullerene organic solar cells enabled by a difluorobenzothiadiazole-based donor polymer combined with a properly matched small molecule acceptor Zhao, Jingbo; Li, Yunke; Lin, Haoran Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4EE02990A	journal	January 2015
Morphology changes upon scaling a high-efficiency, solution-processed solar cell Ro, Hyun Wook; Downing, Jonathan M.; Engmann, Sebastian Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE01623E	journal	January 2016
Use of two structurally similar small molecular acceptors enabling ternary organic solar cells with high efficiencies and fill factors Liu, Tao; Luo, Zhenghui; Fan, Qunping Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EE01700J	journal	January 2018
A universal layer-by-layer solution-processing approach for efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells Sun, Rui; Guo, Jing; Sun, Chenkai Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EE02560F	journal	January 2019
Ternary organic solar cells based on two compatible PDI-based acceptors with an enhanced power conversion efficiency Weng, Kangkang; Li, Chao; Bi, Pengqing Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8TA12034J	journal	January 2019
Benzo[1,2- b :4,5- b ′]diselenophene-fused nonfullerene acceptors with alternative aromatic ring-based and monochlorinated end groups: a new synergistic strategy to simultaneously achieve highly efficient organic solar cells with the energy loss of 0.49 eV Wan, Shi-Sheng; Xu, Xiaopeng; Wang, Jin-Liang Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA03177D	journal	January 2019
In situ UV-visible absorption during spin-coating of organic semiconductors: a new probe for organic electronics and photovoltaics Abdelsamie, Maged; Zhao, Kui; Niazi, Muhammad R. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 2, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3tc32077d	journal	January 2014
Light intensity dependence of open-circuit voltage of polymer:fullerene solar cells Koster, L. J. A.; Mihailetchi, V. D.; Ramaker, R. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1889240	journal	March 2005
Origin of the light intensity dependence of the short-circuit current of polymer/fullerene solar cells Koster, L. J. A.; Mihailetchi, V. D.; Xie, H. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 87, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2130396	journal	November 2005
Soft x-ray scattering facility at the Advanced Light Source with real-time data processing and analysis Gann, E.; Young, A. T.; Collins, B. A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3701831	journal	April 2012
Relating the open-circuit voltage to interface molecular properties of donor:acceptor bulk heterojunction solar cells Vandewal, Koen; Tvingstedt, Kristofer; Gadisa, Abay Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.125204	journal	March 2010
Scherrer grain-size analysis adapted to grazing-incidence scattering with area detectors Smilgies, Detlef-M. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 42, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889809040126	journal	October 2009
Scherrer grain-size analysis adapted to grazing-incidence scattering with area detectors. Erratum Smilgies, Detlef-M. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 46, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889812050054	journal	January 2013
Resonance-enhanced x-rays in thin films: a structure probe for membranes and surface layers Wang, J.; Bedzyk, M.; Caffrey, M. Science, Vol. 258, Issue 5083 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1439784	journal	October 1992

Similar Records

Achieving Balanced Crystallinity of Donor and Acceptor by Combining Blade‐Coating and Ternary Strategies in Organic Solar Cells

Journal Article · Sun Oct 14 20:00:00 EDT 2018 · Advanced Materials · OSTI ID:1479534

Regulating crystallization to maintain balanced carrier mobility via ternary strategy in blade-coated flexible organic solar cells

Journal Article · Fri Nov 26 19:00:00 EST 2021 · Organic Electronics · OSTI ID:1778012

Sequential Blade‐Coated Acceptor and Donor Enables Simultaneous Enhancement of Efficiency, Stability, and Mechanical Properties for Organic Solar Cells

Journal Article · Sun Jan 12 19:00:00 EST 2020 · Advanced Energy Materials · OSTI ID:1582480

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

Achieving Balanced Crystallization Kinetics of Donor and Acceptor by Sequential-Blade Coated Double Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

Citation Formats

References (65)

Similar Records

Related Subjects