Silicate Melting and Vaporization During Rocky Planet Formation

Davies, E. J.; Carter, P. J.; Root, S.; Kraus, R. G.; Spaulding, D. K.; Stewart, S. T.; Jacobsen, S. B.

doi:10.1029/2019JE006227

Silicate Melting and Vaporization During Rocky Planet Formation

Journal Article · Fri Feb 07 04:00:00 EST 2020 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JE006227· OSTI ID:1633890

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[2]; ^[2]; Jacobsen, S. B. ^[5]

Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); The Regents of the University of California, U.C. San Diego
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)

Collisions that induce melting and vaporization can have a substantial effect on the thermal and geochemical evolution of planets. However, the thermodynamics of major minerals are not well known at the extreme conditions attained during planet formation.We obtained new data at the Sandia Z Machine and use published thermodynamic data for the major mineral forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) to calculate the specific entropy in the liquid region of the principal Hugoniot.We use our calculated specific entropy of shocked forsterite, and revised entropies for shocked silica, to determine the critical impact velocities for melting or vaporization upon decompression from the shocked state to 1 bar and the triple points, which are near the pressures of the solar nebula.We also demonstrate the importance of the initial temperature on the criteria for vaporization. Applying these results to N-body simulations of terrestrial planet formation, we find that up to 20% to 40% of the total system mass is processed through collisions with velocities that exceed the criteria for incipient vaporization at the triple point. Vaporizing collisions between small bodies are an important component of terrestrial planet formation.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003842; NA0002937

OSTI ID:: 1633890

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1770354

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 125; ISSN 2169-9097

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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