Novel Ionomers and electrode structures for improved PEMFC electrode performance at low PGM loadings (Final Report)
- 3M Company, Maplewood, MN (United States)
- Tufts Univ., Medford, MA (United States)
- Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States)
In this project, the objective is to develop new ORR electrocatalysts on optimized supports which can exceed all of the Department of Energy (DOE) 2020 targets listed in DE-FOA-0001412 directly relevant to the subtopic. This project’s approach is to develop novel, electrode-specific ionomers, and integrate them with state-of-the-art NSTF electrocatalyst powder to develop a cathode electrode achieving >= 044 A/mgPGM mass activity, <=30% mass activity loss during metal cycling, and <=0.125 gPGM/kW performance under DOE testing protocols. Ionomer O2 permeability and proton conductivity will be increased by up to 1.5X over the baseline 3M800 perfluorosulfonate (PFSA) ionomer to enhance cathode electrode performance. Integration of cathode NSTF powder into an ionomer-containing electrode will increase the surface enhancement factor (SEF) to >=40 cm2PGM/cm2GEO allowing NSTF containing cathodes to exceed DOE MEA robustness targets. This report summarizes this project’s progress towards meeting the stated objectives and includes a summary of significant findings, conclusions, and developments over the entire project period from Oct. 1st 2016 – Jan. 31st 2020. This work has overcome key operation robustness issues with classic NSTF electrodes, identified pathways to improved dispersed and dispersed NSTF cathode performance, developed novel ionomers with high bulk conductivity and oxygen permeability, demonstrated exceptional support-independent electrode activity, and significantly increased metal and support stability through ionomer development. At this point, Tufts, MTU and all 5 FCPAD national labs have been involved, and contributed to, the improvements, learning and achievements of this work. Over the course of this project, more than 50 grams of dispersed NSTF powder in 15 different configurations have been generated, paving the way for scaleup within 3M. These whiskers have been processed in multiple ways, including acid leaching, powder-annealed, and sonicated by various means. For Task 2, 27 different types of ionomers were tested, 19 of which were made for the first time during the course of this project. 377 electrode inks with both NSTF and metal-on-carbon catalysts with I/C ratios from 0.2 to 1.2 were generated and mostly coated on a 3M pilot manufacturing line resulting in more than 700 different electrode types.
- Research Organization:
- 3M Company, Maplewood, MN (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Fuel Cell Technologies Office
- DOE Contract Number:
- EE0007650
- OSTI ID:
- 1633070
- Report Number(s):
- DOE-3M-0007650
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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