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Cuboidal liquid crystal phases under multiaxial geometrical frustration

Journal Article · · Soft Matter
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02021g· OSTI ID:1603448
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [6]
  1. Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering; University of Chicago; Chicago; USA; Cornell University
  2. División de Ciencias e Ingenierías; Campus León; Universidad de Guanajuato; León (Gto.) 37150; Mexico
  3. Departamento de Materiales y Minerales; Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín; Medellín; Colombia; Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Sociales y Humanas
  4. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Cornell University; Ithaca; USA
  5. Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering; University of Chicago; Chicago; USA; Departamento de Materiales y Minerales
  6. Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering; University of Chicago; Chicago; USA; Materials Science Division

Cuboidal liquid crystal phases – the so-called blue phases – consist of a network of topological defects arranged into a cubic symmetry. They exhibit striking optical properties, including Bragg reflection in the visible range and fast response times. Confining surfaces can interfere with the packing of such a network, leading to structures that have not been explored before. In this work, a Landau–de Gennes free energy formalism for the tensor alignment field Q is used to investigate the behavior of chiral liquid crystals under non-isotropic confinement. The underlying free energy functional is solved by relying on a Monte Carlo method that facilitates efficient exploration of configuration space. The results of simulations are expressed in terms of phase diagrams as a function of chirality and temperature for three families of spheroids: oblate, spherical, and prolate. Upon deformation, blue phases adapt and transform to accommodate the geometrical constraints, thereby resulting in a wider range of thermal stability. For oblate spheroids, confinement interferes with the development of a full blue phase structure, resulting on a combination of half skyrmions. For prolate spheroids, the blue phases are hybridized and exhibit features of blue phases I and II. More generally, it is shown that mechanical deformation provides an effective means to control, manipulate and stabilize blue phases and cholesterics confined in tactoids.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; COLCIENCIAS
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0004025
OSTI ID:
1603448
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1630073
OSTI ID: 1762137
OSTI ID: 1591699
Journal Information:
Soft Matter, Journal Name: Soft Matter Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 16; ISSN 1744-683X
Publisher:
Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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  • Wang, Pei-Xi; MacLachlan, Mark J.
  • Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 376, Issue 2112 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0042
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