Small RNA-mediated regulation of host–pathogen interactions

Harris, Jennifer F.; Micheva-Viteva, Sofiya; Li, Nan; Hong-Geller, Elizabeth

doi:10.4161/viru.26119

Small RNA-mediated regulation of host–pathogen interactions

Journal Article · Mon Aug 19 00:00:00 EDT 2013 · Virulence

DOI:https://doi.org/10.4161/viru.26119· OSTI ID:1628710

Harris, Jennifer F. ^[1]; Micheva-Viteva, Sofiya ^[2]; Li, Nan ^[2]; Hong-Geller, Elizabeth ^[2]

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); DOE/OSTI
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

The rise in antimicrobial drug resistance, alongside the failure of conventional research to discover new antibiotics, will inevitably lead to a public health crisis that can drastically curtail our ability to combat infectious disease. Thus, there is a great global health need for development of antimicrobial countermeasures that target novel cell molecules or processes. RNA represents a largely unexploited category of potential targets for antimicrobial design. For decades, control of cellular behavior was thought to be the exclusive purview of protein-based regulators. The recent discovery of small RNAs (sRNAs) as a universal class of powerful RNA-based regulatory biomolecules has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of gene regulation in practically all biological functions. In general, sRNAs regulate gene expression by base-pairing with multiple downstream target mRNAs to prevent translation of mRNA into protein. In this review, we will discuss recent studies that document discovery of bacterial, viral, and human sRNAs and their molecular mechanisms in regulation of pathogen virulence and host immunity. Illuminating the functional roles of sRNAs in virulence and host immunity can provide the fundamental knowledge for development of next-generation antibiotics using sRNAs as novel targets.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1628710

Journal Information:: Virulence, Journal Name: Virulence Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 4; ISSN 2150-5594

Publisher:: Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Enhanced Susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium Infection in MicroRNA-155-Deficient Mice Clare, Simon; John, Victoria; Walker, Alan W. Infection and Immunity, Vol. 81, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00969-12	journal	December 2012
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