Importance of the Long-Chain Fatty Acid Beta-Hydroxylating Cytochrome P450 Enzyme YbdT for Lipopeptide Biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis Strain OKB105

Youssef, Noha H.; Wofford, Neil; McInerney, Michael J.

doi:10.3390/ijms12031767

Importance of the Long-Chain Fatty Acid Beta-Hydroxylating Cytochrome P450 Enzyme YbdT for Lipopeptide Biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis Strain OKB105

Journal Article · Tue Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2011 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms12031767· OSTI ID:1628358

Youssef, Noha H. ^[1]; Wofford, Neil ^[2]; McInerney, Michael J. ^[2]

Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK (United States). Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; DOE/OSTI
Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States). Dept. of Botany and Microbiology

Bacillus species produce extracellular, surface-active lipopeptides such as surfactin that have wide applications in industry and medicine. The steps involved in the synthesis of 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A (CoA) substrates needed for surfactin biosynthesis are not understood. Cell-free extracts of Bacillus subtilis strain OKB105 synthesized lipopeptide biosurfactants in presence of L-amino acids, myristic acid, coenzyme A, ATP, and H2O2, which suggested that 3-hydroxylation occurs prior to CoA ligation of the long chain fatty acids (LCFAs). We hypothesized that YbdT, a cytochrome P450 enzyme known to beta-hydroxylate LCFAs, functions to form 3-hydroxy fatty acids for lipopeptide biosynthesis. An in-frame mutation of ybdT was constructed and the resulting mutant strain (NHY1) produced predominantly non-hydroxylated lipopeptide with diminished biosurfactant and beta-hemolytic activities. Mass spectrometry showed that 95.6% of the fatty acids in the NHY1 biosurfactant were non-hydroxylated compared to only ~61% in the OKB105 biosurfactant. Cell-free extracts of the NHY1 synthesized surfactin containing 3-hydroxymyristic acid from 3-hydroxymyristoyl-CoA at a specific activity similar to that of the wild type (17 ±2 versus 17.4 ±6 ng biosurfactant min-1·ng·protein-1 , respectively). These results showed that the mutation did not affect any function needed to synthesize surfactin once the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA substrate was formed and that YbdT functions to supply 3-hydroxy fatty acid for surfactin biosynthesis. The fact that YbdT is a peroxidase could explain why biosurfactant production is rarely observed in anaerobically grown Bacillus species. Manipulation of LCFA specificity of YbdT could provide a new route to produce biosurfactants with activities tailored to specific functions.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States); Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division

Grant/Contract Number:: FC26-02NT15321; FC26-04NT15522; FG03-96ER20212

OSTI ID:: 1628358

Journal Information:: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online), Journal Name: International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Online) Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 12; ISSN IJMCFK; ISSN 1422-0067

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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YbdT
beta hydroxylation
cytochrome P450
long chain fatty acids
surfactin

Importance of the Long-Chain Fatty Acid Beta-Hydroxylating Cytochrome P450 Enzyme YbdT for Lipopeptide Biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis Strain OKB105

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