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Gene Annotation and Drug Target Discovery in Candida albicans with a Tagged Transposon Mutant Collection

Journal Article · · PLoS Pathogens
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [2];  [5];  [6]
  1. Stanford University, CA (United States); DOE/OSTI
  2. Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA (United States)
  3. Stanford University, CA (United States); Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA (United States)
  4. University of Toronto, ON (Canada); Donnelley Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, ON (Canada)
  5. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  6. Univ. of Toronto, ON (Canada); Donnelley Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, ON (Canada)
Candida albicans is the most common human fungal pathogen, causing infections that can be lethal in immunocompromised patients. Although Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used as a model for C. albicans, it lacks C. albicans’ diverse morphogenic forms and is primarily non-pathogenic. Comprehensive genetic analyses that have been instrumental for determining gene function in S. cerevisiae are hampered in C. albicans, due in part to limited resources to systematically assay phenotypes of loss-of-function alleles. Here, we constructed and screened a library of 3633 tagged heterozygous transposon disruption mutants, using them in a competitive growth assay to examine nutrient- and drug-dependent haploinsufficiency. We identified 269 genes that were haploinsufficient in four growth conditions, the majority of which were condition-specific. These screens identified two new genes necessary for filamentous growth as well as ten genes that function in essential processes. We also screened 57 chemically diverse compounds that more potently inhibited growth of C. albicans versus S. cerevisiae. For four of these compounds, we examined the genetic basis of this differential inhibition. Notably, Sec7p was identified as the target of brefeldin A in C. albicans screens, while S. cerevisiae screens with this compound failed to identify this target. We also uncovered a new C. albicans-specific target, Tfp1p, for the synthetic compound 0136-0228. These results highlight the value of haploinsufficiency screens directly in this pathogen for gene annotation and drug target identification.
Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Canadian Cancer Society; National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Stanford Genome Training Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1627897
Journal Information:
PLoS Pathogens, Journal Name: PLoS Pathogens Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 6; ISSN 1553-7374
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (35)

Candida albicans gains azole resistance by altering sphingolipid composition journal October 2018
Iterative screening methodology enables isolation of strains with improved properties for a FACS-based screen and increased L-DOPA production journal April 2019
Genome-wide functional analysis in Candida albicans journal March 2017
Rapid Quantification of Mutant Fitness in Diverse Bacteria by Sequencing Randomly Bar-Coded Transposons journal May 2015
Essential Gene Discovery in the Basidiomycete Cryptococcus neoformans for Antifungal Drug Target Prioritization journal March 2015
A phenotypic screening platform to identify small molecule modulators of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth, motility and photosynthesis journal January 2012
Evidence-Based Annotation of Gene Function in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Using Genome-Wide Fitness Profiling across 121 Conditions journal November 2011
In Vivo Systematic Analysis of Candida albicans Zn2-Cys6 Transcription Factors Mutants for Mice Organ Colonization journal October 2011
ESSENTIALS: Software for Rapid Analysis of High Throughput Transposon Insertion Sequencing Data journal August 2012
A Versatile Overexpression Strategy in the Pathogenic Yeast Candida albicans: Identification of Regulators of Morphogenesis and Fitness journal September 2012
Gymnemic Acids Inhibit Hyphal Growth and Virulence in Candida albicans journal September 2013
Candida albicans Sfl1/Sfl2 regulatory network drives the formation of pathogenic microcolonies journal September 2018
Systematic Complex Haploinsufficiency-Based Genetic Analysis of Candida albicans Transcription Factors: Tools and Applications to Virulence-Associated Phenotypes journal April 2018
Evolutionary and Biochemical Aspects of Chemical Stress Resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae journal January 2012
Functional toxicology: tools to advance the future of toxicity testing journal May 2014
Mitochondrial Complex V α Subunit Is Critical for Candida albicans Pathogenicity through Modulating Multiple Virulence Properties journal February 2017
Harnessing the power of transposon mutagenesis for antibacterial target identification and evaluation journal July 2012
Molecular genetic techniques for gene manipulation inCandida albicans journal April 2014
Systems-level antimicrobial drug and drug synergy discovery journal March 2013
Bugs, drugs and chemical genomics journal December 2011
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Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Activities and Mechanism of Drimane Sesquiterpenoids posted_content October 2019
Transposon insertional mutagenesis in Saccharomyces uvarum reveals trans -acting effects influencing species-dependent essential genes journal January 2019
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The Impact of Gene Dosage and Heterozygosity on the Diploid Pathobiont Candida albicans journal December 2019

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