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Inter-Species Cross-Seeding: Stability and Assembly of Rat–Human Amylin Aggregates

Journal Article · · PLoS ONE
 [1];  [2]
  1. University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States); DOE/OSTI
  2. University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
Diseases such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s share as common feature the accumulation of mis-folded disease-specific protein aggregates into fibrillar structures, or plaques. These fibrils may either be toxic by themselves, or act as reservoirs for smaller cytotoxic oligomers. This suggests to investigate molecules as potential therapeutics that either reduce fibril formation or increase fibril stability. One example is rat amylin, which can inhibit aggregation of human amylin, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. In the present paper, we use molecular dynamics to compare the stability of various preformed aggregates, built out of either human amylin, rat amylin, or mixtures of both. We considered two types of fibril-like oligomers: a single-layer in-register conformation, and a double-layer conformation in which the first U-shaped layer consists of rat amylin and the second layer of human amylin. Our results explain the weak amyloid-inhibiting properties of rat amylin and suggest that membrane leakage due to pore formation is responsible for the toxicity of rat amylin observed in a recent experiment. Together, our results put in question the use of rat amylin or the similar FDA approved drug pramlintide as an inhibitor of human amylin aggregation. They also point to mixed human-rat amylin fibril-like oligomers as possible model-systems for studies of amyloid formation that involve cross-species transmission.
Research Organization:
University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1627699
Journal Information:
PLoS ONE, Journal Name: PLoS ONE Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 9; ISSN 1932-6203
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (4)

Stability of Aβ-fibril fragments in the presence of fatty acids journal April 2019
Characterisation of the Structure and Oligomerisation of Islet Amyloid Polypeptides (IAPP): A Review of Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies journal August 2018
Molecular dynamics simulation study on the inhibitory effects of choline‐ O ‐sulfate on hIAPP protofibrilation journal May 2019
Stability of Aβ‐fibril fragments in the presence of fatty acids journal September 2019

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