Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Life in Hot Carbon Monoxide: The Complete Genome Sequence of Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans Z-2901

Journal Article · · PLoS Genetics
 [1];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [3];  [4];  [5]
  1. The Inst. for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD (United States); DOE/OSTI
  2. The Inst. for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD (United States)
  3. Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). School of Biology. Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
  4. Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States). Biotechnology Inst. Center of Marine Biotechnology
  5. The Inst. for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD (United States); Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)

We report here the sequencing and analysis of the genome of the thermophilic bacterium Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans Z-2901. This species is a model for studies of hydrogenogens, which are diverse bacteria and archaea that grow anaerobically utilizing carbon monoxide (CO) as their sole carbon source and water as an electron acceptor, producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen as waste products. Organisms that make use of CO do so through carbon monoxide dehydrogenase complexes. Remarkably, analysis of the genome of C. hydrogenoformans reveals the presence of at least five highly differentiated anaerobic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase complexes, which may in part explain how this species is able to grow so much more rapidly on CO than many other species. Analysis of the genome also has provided many general insights into the metabolism of this organism which should make it easier to use it as a source of biologically produced hydrogen gas. One surprising finding is the presence of many genes previously found only in sporulating species in the Firmicutes Phylum. Although this species is also a Firmicutes, it was not known to sporulate previously. Here we show that it does sporulate and because it is missing many of the genes involved in sporulation in other species, this organism may serve as a ‘‘minimal’’ model for sporulation studies. In addition, using phylogenetic profile analysis, we have identified many uncharacterized gene families found in all known sporulating Firmicutes, but not in any non-sporulating bacteria, including a sigma factor not known to be involved in sporulation previously.

Research Organization:
The Inst. for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Grant/Contract Number:
FC02-95ER61962
OSTI ID:
1627264
Journal Information:
PLoS Genetics, Journal Name: PLoS Genetics Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 1; ISSN 1553-7404
Publisher:
Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (52)

Programmed Translational Frameshifting journal December 1996
Phylogenetic Analysis and Gene Functional Predictions: Phylogenomics in Action journal June 2002
Superoxide reductase: fact or fiction? journal April 2002
When polymerases collide: Replication and the transcriptional organization of the E. coli chromosome journal June 1988
The σE Regulon and the Identification of Additional Sporulation Genes in Bacillus subtilis journal April 2003
Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans gen. nov., sp. nov., a CO-utilizing Thermophilic Anaerobic Bacterium from Hydrothermal Environments of Kunashir Island journal July 1991
Thermococcus stetteri sp. nov., a New Extremely Thermophilic Marine Sulfur-Metabolizing Archaebacterium journal December 1989
Is there a role for replication fork asymmetry in the distribution of genes in bacterial genomes? journal September 2002
One-component systems dominate signal transduction in prokaryotes journal February 2005
Channeling of Carbon Monoxide during Anaerobic Carbon Dioxide Fixation journal February 2000
Nickel-Containing Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase/Acetyl-CoA Synthase, journal January 1996
Evidence of a Molecular Tunnel Connecting the Active Sites for CO 2 Reduction and Acetyl-CoA Synthesis in Acetyl-CoA Synthase from Clostridium thermoaceticum journal October 1999
Sequenced strains must be saved from extinction journal November 2001
The complete genome sequence of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis journal November 1997
The prokaryotic selenoproteome journal May 2004
Biological significance of a family of regularly spaced repeats in the genomes of Archaea, Bacteria and mitochondria journal April 2000
Role of rubrerythrin in the oxidative stress response of Porphyromonas gingivalis: Insertional inactivation of P. gingivalis rubreryythrin journal April 2002
The Spo0A regulon of Bacillus subtilis: The Spo0A regulon journal November 2003
Purification and catalytic properties of a CO-oxidizing:H2-evolving enzyme complex from Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans: CO-oxidizing:H2-evolving enzyme complex journal October 2002
A functional Ni-Ni-[4Fe-4S] cluster in the monomeric acetyl-CoA synthase from Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans journal December 2003
The complete genome sequence of Chlorobium tepidum TLS, a photosynthetic, anaerobic, green-sulfur bacterium journal July 2002
Cloning and expression of the gene cluster encoding key proteins involved in acetyl-CoA synthesis in Clostridium thermoaceticum: CO dehydrogenase, the corrinoid/Fe-S protein, and methyltransferase. journal January 1989
Assigning protein functions by comparative genome analysis: Protein phylogenetic profiles journal April 1999
Characterization of a CO-responsive Transcriptional Activator from Rhodospirillum rubrum journal January 1996
Life with Carbon Monoxide journal January 2004
A Simple, Fast, and Accurate Algorithm to Estimate Large Phylogenies by Maximum Likelihood journal October 2003
Microbial gene identification using interpolated Markov models journal January 1998
REPuter: the manifold applications of repeat analysis on a genomic scale journal November 2001
Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction journal July 2003
Genome sequence of Symbiobacterium thermophilum, an uncultivable bacterium that depends on microbial commensalism journal September 2004
Symbiobacterium thermophilum gen. nov., sp. nov., a symbiotic thermophile that depends on co-culture with a Bacillus strain for growth. journal September 2000
Carboxydobrachium pacificum gen. nov., sp. nov., a new anaerobic, thermophilic, CO-utilizing marine bacterium from Okinawa Trough. journal January 2001
A twisted tale: the origin and evolution of motility and chemotaxis in prokaryotes journal February 1999
Thermosinus carboxydivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a new anaerobic, thermophilic, carbon-monoxide-oxidizing, hydrogenogenic bacterium from a hot pool of Yellowstone National Park
  • Sokolova, Tatyana G.; González, Juan M.; Kostrikina, Nadezhda A.
  • International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, Vol. 54, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63186-0
journal November 2004
A Complete Sequence of the T. tengcongensis Genome journal May 2002
Long stretches of short tandem repeats are present in the largest replicons of the Archaea Haloferax mediterranei and Haloferax volcanii and could be involved in replicon partitioning journal July 1995
Genetic analysis of Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans carbon monoxide dehydrogenase genes cooF and cooS journal October 2000
Crystal Structure of a Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase Reveals a [Ni-4Fe-5S] Cluster journal August 2001
Two Essential DNA Polymerases at the Bacterial Replication Fork journal November 2001
Head-on collision between a DNA replication apparatus and RNA polymerase transcription complex journal February 1995
Novel Physiological Features of Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans and Thermoterrabacterium ferrireducens journal December 2004
Role of Superoxide Dismutase Activity in the Physiology of Porphyromonas gingivalis journal July 1999
Molecular characterization of the gene cluster coxMSL encoding the molybdenum-containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenase of Oligotropha carboxidovorans. journal January 1995
Characterization of the region encoding the CO-induced hydrogenase of Rhodospirillum rubrum. journal January 1996
Genome Sequence and Comparative Analysis of the Solvent-Producing Bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum journal August 2001
Two Membrane-Associated NiFeS-Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenases from the Anaerobic Carbon-Monoxide-Utilizing Eubacterium Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans journal September 2001
Putative Sigma Factor SigI (YkoZ) of Bacillus subtilis Is Induced by Heat Shock journal February 2001
Genus-Specific Protein Binding to the Large Clusters of DNA Repeats (Short Regularly Spaced Repeats) Present in Sulfolobus Genomes journal April 2003
Rubrerythrin from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus Is a Rubredoxin-Dependent, Iron-Containing Peroxidase journal November 2004
PAS Domains: Internal Sensors of Oxygen, Redox Potential, and Light journal June 1999
MOLECULAR GENETICS OF SPORULATION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS journal December 1996
Co Dehydrogenase journal October 1995

Cited By (49)

Structural and Phylogenetic Diversity of Anaerobic Carbon-Monoxide Dehydrogenases journal January 2019
Investigations of Two Bidirectional Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenases from Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans by Protein Film Electrochemistry journal September 2013
Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenases book January 2019
Diversity and distribution of thermophilic hydrogenogenic carboxydotrophs revealed by microbial community analysis in sediments from multiple hydrothermal environments in Japan journal April 2019
Maturation of the [Ni–4Fe–4S] active site of carbon monoxide dehydrogenases journal February 2018
Biophysical and structural characterization of the putative nickel chaperone CooT from Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans journal June 2018
Comparative metagenomics of microbial communities inhabiting deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimneys with contrasting chemistries journal October 2010
Metaproteomics of cellulose methanisation under thermophilic conditions reveals a surprisingly high proteolytic activity journal August 2013
Stone-dwelling actinobacteria Blastococcus saxobsidens, Modestobacter marinus and Geodermatophilus obscurus proteogenomes journal June 2015
Distribution, diversity and ecology of aerobic CO-oxidizing bacteria journal February 2007
The Bacillus subtilis endospore: assembly and functions of the multilayered coat journal December 2012
Polyketide synthases and nonribosomal peptide synthetases: the emerging view from bacterial genomics journal January 2007
Metal centers in the anaerobic microbial metabolism of CO and CO2 journal January 2011
A genomic approach to the cryptic secondary metabolome of the anaerobic world journal January 2013
The biologically mediated water–gas shift reaction: structure, function and biosynthesis of monofunctional [NiFe]-carbon monoxide dehydrogenases journal January 2018
Bacterial synthesis gas (syngas) fermentation journal July 2013
Evidence for a New Root of the Tree of Life journal December 2008
On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent journal November 2006
From volcanic origins of chemoautotrophic life to Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya journal September 2006
Genome beginnings: rooting the tree of life journal August 2009
Metagenomic investigation of the geologically unique Hellenic Volcanic Arc reveals a distinctive ecosystem with unexpected physiology: Metagenomic investigation of the Hellenic Volcanic Arc journal December 2015
Using gas mixtures of CO, CO 2 and H 2 as microbial substrates: the do's and don'ts of successful technology transfer from laboratory to production scale journal May 2018
Endospore-enriched sequencing approach reveals unprecedented diversity of Firmicutes in sediments: Endospore-forming enrichment journal June 2014
A generation-time effect on the rate of molecular evolution in bacteria: GENERATION-TIME EFFECT IN BACTERIA journal February 2015
Something special about CO ‐dependent CO 2 fixation journal October 2018
The complete genome sequence of Moorella thermoacetica (f. Clostridium thermoaceticum) journal July 2008
Genomic determinants of sporulation in Bacilli and Clostridia : towards the minimal set of sporulation-specific genes : Distribution of sporulation genes in journal August 2012
Environmental Genomics Reveals a Single-Species Ecosystem Deep Within Earth journal October 2008
Genomic Analysis of Calderihabitans maritimus KKC1, a Thermophilic, Hydrogenogenic, Carboxydotrophic Bacterium Isolated from Marine Sediment journal May 2017
Gene Conservation among Endospore-Forming Bacteria Reveals Additional Sporulation Genes in Bacillus subtilis journal November 2012
Hydrogen Formation and Its Regulation in Ruminococcus albus: Involvement of an Electron-Bifurcating [FeFe]-Hydrogenase, of a Non-Electron-Bifurcating [FeFe]-Hydrogenase, and of a Putative Hydrogen-Sensing [FeFe]-Hydrogenase journal August 2014
A Genomic Signature and the Identification of New Sporulation Genes journal February 2013
Rapid and Accurate Identification of Human-Associated Staphylococci by Use of Multiplex PCR journal October 2011
Clostridium sticklandii, a specialist in amino acid degradation:revisiting its metabolism through its genome sequence journal January 2010
A genomic perspective on a new bacterial genus and species from the Alcaligenaceae family, Basilea psittacipulmonis journal January 2014
Characterizing acetogenic metabolism using a genome-scale metabolic reconstruction of Clostridium ljungdahlii journal January 2013
Analysis of three genomes within the thermophilic bacterial species Caldanaerobacter subterraneus with a focus on carbon monoxide dehydrogenase evolution and hydrolase diversity journal October 2015
CO-dependent hydrogen production by the facultative anaerobe Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius journal July 2018
Citrobacter amalonaticus Y19 for constitutive expression of carbon monoxide-dependent hydrogen-production machinery journal March 2017
Life on the fringe: microbial adaptation to growth on carbon monoxide journal January 2018
Complete Genome Sequence of the Aerobic CO-Oxidizing Thermophile Thermomicrobium roseum journal January 2009
Genome Sequence of the Versatile Fish Pathogen Edwardsiella tarda Provides Insights into its Adaptation to Broad Host Ranges and Intracellular Niches journal October 2009
A Deeply Branching Thermophilic Bacterium with an Ancient Acetyl-CoA Pathway Dominates a Subsurface Ecosystem journal January 2012
The Role of Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans in the Conversion of Calcium Phosphate from Amorphous to Crystalline State journal February 2014
Pathways and Bioenergetics of Anaerobic Carbon Monoxide Fermentation journal November 2015
Analysis of the Core Genome and Pan-Genome of Autotrophic Acetogenic Bacteria journal September 2016
Genomic Insights into the Carbon and Energy Metabolism of a Thermophilic Deep-Sea Bacterium Deferribacter autotrophicus Revealed New Metabolic Traits in the Phylum Deferribacteres journal October 2019
Dynamics of a Perturbed Microbial Community during Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Chemically Defined Soluble Organic Compounds journal October 2018
Genome analyses of the carboxydotrophic sulfate-reducers Desulfotomaculum nigrificans and Desulfotomaculum carboxydivorans and reclassification of Desulfotomaculum caboxydivorans as a later synonym of Desulfotomaculum nigrificans journal March 2014

Similar Records

Evidence for Horizontal Gene Transfer of Anaerobic Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenases
Journal Article · Sat Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2011 · Frontiers in Microbiology · OSTI ID:1628055

Genome analysis of the Anerobic Thermohalophilic bacterium Halothermothrix orenii
Journal Article · Sun Nov 02 23:00:00 EST 2008 · PLoS ONE · OSTI ID:962902

Complete genome sequence of Leptotrichia buccalis type strain (C-1013-bT)
Journal Article · Wed Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2008 · Standards in Genomic Sciences · OSTI ID:972740