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Comparative genomics of Geobacter chemotaxis genes reveals diverse signaling function

Journal Article · · BMC Genomics
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5]
  1. Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; DOE/OSTI
  2. Univ. of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN (United States). Dept. of Preventive Medicine
  3. Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Procter and Gamble, Cincinnati, OH (United States). Sharon Woods Technical Center
  4. Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States). Dept. of Microbiology
  5. Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry

Background: Geobacter species are δ-Proteobacteria and are often the predominant species in a variety of sedimentary environments where Fe(III) reduction is important. Their ability to remediate contaminated environments and produce electricity makes them attractive for further study. Cell motility, biofilm formation, and type IV pili all appear important for the growth of Geobacter in changing environments and for electricity production. Recent studies in other bacteria have demonstrated that signaling pathways homologous to the paradigm established for Escherichia coli chemotaxis can regulate type IV pili-dependent motility, the synthesis of flagella and type IV pili, the production of extracellular matrix material, and biofilm formation. The classification of these pathways by comparative genomics improves the ability to understand how Geobacter thrives in natural environments and better their use in microbial fuel cells. Results: The genomes of G. sulfurreducens, G. metallireducens, and G. uraniireducens contain multiple (~70) homologs of chemotaxis genes arranged in several major clusters (six, seven, and seven, respectively). Unlike the single gene cluster of E. coli, the Geobacter clusters are not all located near the flagellar genes. The probable functions of some Geobacter clusters are assignable by homology to known pathways; others appear to be unique to the Geobacter sp. and contain genes of unknown function. We identified large numbers of methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (MCP) homologs that have diverse sensing domain architectures and generate a potential for sensing a great variety of environmental signals. We discuss mechanisms for class-specific segregation of the MCPs in the cell membrane, which serve to maintain pathway specificity and diminish crosstalk. Finally, the regulation of gene expression in Geobacter differs from E. coli. The sequences of predicted promoter elements suggest that the alternative sigma factors σ28 and σ54 play a role in regulating the Geobacter chemotaxis gene expression. Conclusion: The numerous chemoreceptors and chemotaxis-like gene clusters of Geobacter appear to be responsible for a diverse set of signaling functions in addition to chemotaxis, including gene regulation and biofilm formation, through functionally and spatially distinct signaling pathways.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division
Grant/Contract Number:
FC02-02ER63446
OSTI ID:
1626470
Journal Information:
BMC Genomics, Journal Name: BMC Genomics Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 9; ISSN 1471-2164
Publisher:
SpringerCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (13)

Genome Scale Mutational Analysis of Geobacter sulfurreducens Reveals Distinct Molecular Mechanisms for Respiration and Sensing of Poised Electrodes versus Fe(III) Oxides journal July 2017
The genome of Pelobacter carbinolicus reveals surprising metabolic capabilities and physiological features journal December 2012
Meta-proteomic analysis of protein expression distinctive to electricity-generating biofilm communities in air-cathode microbial fuel cells journal April 2018
Functional Organization of a Multimodular Bacterial Chemosensory Apparatus journal March 2014
Genome Annotation of Burkholderia sp. SJ98 with Special Focus on Chemotaxis Genes journal August 2013
Comparative genomics of freshwater Fe-oxidizing bacteria: implications for physiology, ecology, and systematics journal January 2013
Exploring the role of CheA3 in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough motility journal March 2014
Complete genome sequence of Dehalobacter restrictus PER-K23T journal July 2013
A genomic approach to the cryptic secondary metabolome of the anaerobic world journal January 2013
Identification of Multicomponent Histidine-Aspartate Phosphorelay System Controlling Flagellar and Motility Gene Expression in Geobacter Species journal February 2012
Anaerobic degradation of aromatic amino acids by the hyperthermophilic archaeon Ferroglobus placidus journal September 2014
A genetic system for Geobacter metallireducens: role of the flagellin and pilin in the reduction of Fe(III) oxide: Role of pilin and flagellin in G. metallireducens journal November 2011
Identification of an Extracellular Polysaccharide Network Essential for Cytochrome Anchoring and Biofilm Formation in Geobacter sulfurreducens journal December 2010

Figures / Tables (5)


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