Epimorphin Functions as a Key Morphoregulator for Mammary Epithelial Cells

Hirai, Yohei; Lochter, André; Galosy, Sybille; Koshida, Shogo; Niwa, Shinichiro; Bissell, Mina J.

doi:10.1083/jcb.140.1.159

Epimorphin Functions as a Key Morphoregulator for Mammary Epithelial Cells

Journal Article · Mon Jan 12 00:00:00 EST 1998 · Journal of Cell Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.140.1.159· OSTI ID:1625107

Hirai, Yohei ^[1]; Lochter, André ^[2]; Galosy, Sybille ^[2]; Koshida, Shogo ^[3]; Niwa, Shinichiro ^[3]; Bissell, Mina J. ^[2]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Life Science Division; Sumitomo Electric Industries, Yokohama (Japan). Biomedical Research and Development Dept.; DOE/OSTI
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Life Science Division
Sumitomo Electric Industries, Yokohama (Japan). Biomedical Research and Development Dept.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and EGF have been reported to promote branching morphogenesis of mammary epithelial cells. We now show that it is epimorphin that is primarily responsible for this phenomenon. In vivo, epimorphin was detected in the stromal compartment but not in lumenal epithelial cells of the mammary gland; in culture, however, a subpopulation of mammary epithelial cells produced significant amounts of epimorphin. When epimorphin-expressing epithelial cell clones were cultured in collagen gels they displayed branching morphogenesis in the presence of HGF, EGF, keratinocyte growth factor, or fibroblast growth factor, a process that was inhibited by anti-epimorphin but not anti-HGF antibodies. The branch length, however, was roughly proportional to the ability of the factors to induce growth. Accordingly, epimorphin-negative epithelial cells simply grew in a cluster in response to the growth factors and failed to branch. When recombinant epimorphin was added to these collagen gels, epimorphin-negative cells underwent branching morphogenesis. The mode of action of epimorphin on morphogenesis of the gland, however, was dependent on how it was presented to the mammary cells. If epimorphin was overexpressed in epimorphin-negative epithelial cells under regulation of an inducible promoter or was allowed to coat the surface of each epithelial cell in a nonpolar fashion, the cells formed globular, alveoli-like structures with a large central lumen instead of branching ducts. This process was enhanced also by addition of HGF, EGF, or other growth factors and was inhibited by epimorphin antibodies. These results suggest that epimorphin is the primary morphogen in the mammary gland but that growth factors are necessary to achieve the appropriate cell numbers for the resulting morphogenesis to be visualized.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1625107

Journal Information:: Journal of Cell Biology, Journal Name: Journal of Cell Biology Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 140; ISSN 0021-9525

Publisher:: Rockefeller University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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