skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Synthesis of Fe16N2 compound Free-Standing Foils with 20 MGOe Magnetic Energy Product by Nitrogen Ion-Implantation

Journal Article · · Scientific Reports
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25436· OSTI ID:1624833
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [5]
  1. Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
  2. Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
  3. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Ion Beam Material Lab.
  4. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science and Technology Division
  5. Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
+ Show Author Affiliations

Rare-earth-free magnets are highly demanded by clean and renewable energy industries because of the supply constraints and environmental issues. A promising permanent magnet should possess high remanent magnetic flux density (Br), large coercivity (Hc) and hence large maximum magnetic energy product ((BH)max). Fe16N2 has been emerging as one of promising candidates because of the redundancy of Fe and N on the earth, its large magnetocrystalline anisotropy (Ku>1.0×107 erg/cc), and large saturation magnetization (4πMs>2.4T). However, there is no report on the formation of Fe16N2 magnet with high Br and large Hc in bulk format before. In this paper, we successfully synthesize freestanding Fe16N2 foils with a coercivity of up to 1910Oe and a magnetic energy product of up to 20 MGOe at room temperature. Nitrogen ion implantation is used as an alternative nitriding approach with the benefit of tunable implantation energy and fluence. An integrated synthesis technique is developed, including a direct foil-substrate bonding step, an ion implantation step and a two-step post-annealing process. With the tunable capability of the ion implantation fluence and energy, a microstructure with grain size 25–30nm is constructed on the FeN foil sample with the implantation fluence of 5×1017/cm2.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-06NA25396; AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1624833
Journal Information:
Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1; ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (33)

Thermal surface free energy and stress of iron journal October 2015
Gas phase preparation of spherical core–shell α′′-Fe16N2/SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles journal January 2014
Humidity effects in Fe16N2 fine powder preparation by low-temperature nitridation journal September 2010
Crystal structure and magnetic properties of “α′′-Fe16N2” containing residual α-Fe prepared by low-temperature ammonia nitridation journal October 2012
Stochastic model for grain size versus dose in implanted and annealed polycrystalline silicon films on SiO 2 journal June 1985
The occurrence and the crystal structure of α" -iron nitride; a new type of interstitial alloy formed during the tempering of nitrogen-martensite journal August 1951
A method to evaluate α ″-Fe 16 N 2 volume ratio in FeN bulk material by XPS journal November 2015
Exchange-Coupled Nanocomposite Magnets by Nanoparticle Self-Assembly. journal February 2003
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and high spin-polarization ratio in epitaxial Fe-N thin films journal December 2011
Formation of iron nitrides applying N+ ion implantation journal June 1996
Epitaxial single crystal Fe16N2 films grown by facing targets sputtering journal January 1996
The preparation and crystallography of FeNiN and the series Fe4 − xNixN journal August 1960
Search for giant magnetic moments in ion-beam-synthesized α″-Fe16N2 journal June 1996
Challenge to the Synthesis of α''-Fe 16 N 2 Compound Nanoparticle with High Saturation Magnetization for Rare Earth Free New Permanent Magnetic Material journal July 2013
Nitrogen‐implantation‐induced transformation of iron to crystalline Fe 16 N 2 in epitaxial iron films journal June 1989
Effects of film thickness on formation processes of Fe16N2 in nitrogen ion-implanted Fe films journal May 1998
Grain size dependence of coercivity and permeability in nanocrystalline ferromagnets journal January 1990
Energetics of binary iron nitrides journal June 2000
Nitriding Iron at Lower Temperatures journal January 2003
Thickness dependent phase transformations in implanted iron layers journal January 2002
Strain induced giant magnetism in epitaxial Fe 16 N 2 thin film journal February 2013
Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future journal August 2012
High energy products in rapidly annealed nanoscale Fe/Pt multilayers journal January 1998
Grain size dependence of coercivity and permeability in nanocrystalline ferromagnets conference January 1990
Low-temperature nitriding of iron through a thin nickel layer journal March 1997
Fabrication of $\hbox{Fe}_{16}\hbox{N}_{2}$ Films by Sputtering Process and Experimental Investigation of Origin of Giant Saturation Magnetization in $\hbox{Fe}_{16}\hbox{N}_{2}$ journal May 2012
Exchange-coupled nanocomposite magnets by nanoparticle self-assembly journal November 2002
Dislocation generation due to differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion journal August 1986
Permanent magnet applications journal August 2002
High-pressure sintering behavior of α″-Fe 16 N 2 nanopowder journal March 2014
Surface Energy of Germanium and Silicon journal January 1963
Theory of giant saturation magnetization in α″-Fe 16 N 2 : role of partial localization in ferromagnetism of 3d transition metals journal June 2010
Permanent magnet applications journal December 1969

Cited By (4)

Synthesis of α′′-Fe 16 N 2 ribbons with a porous structure journal January 2019
Heavy‐Metal‐Free, Low‐Damping, and Non‐Interface Perpendicular Fe 16 N 2 Thin Film and Magnetoresistance Device journal March 2019
Epitaxial Fe 16 N 2 thin film on nonmagnetic seed layer journal May 2018
In-situ growth of iron mononitride thin films studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and nuclear resonant scattering text January 2019

Similar Records

FeN foils by nitrogen ion-implantation
Journal Article · Wed May 07 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Journal of Applied Physics · OSTI ID:1624833
+2 more
Final Technical Report for the project titled "Manganese Based Permanent Magnet with 40 MGOe at 200°C"
Technical Report · Thu Dec 31 00:00:00 EST 2015 · OSTI ID:1624833
Misch metal-Fe-B melt spun magnets with 8 MGOe energy product
Conference · Mon Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1986 · IEEE Trans. Magn.; (United States) · OSTI ID:1624833
+5 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
Science & Technology - Other Topics