Why is anatase a better photocatalyst than rutile? - Model studies on epitaxial TiO2 films

Luttrell, Tim; Halpegamage, Sandamali; Tao, Junguang; Kramer, Alan; Sutter, Eli; Batzill, Matthias

doi:10.1038/srep04043

Title: Why is anatase a better photocatalyst than rutile? - Model studies on epitaxial TiO2 films

Journal Article · Mon Feb 10 00:00:00 EST 2014 · Scientific Reports

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04043· OSTI ID:1624689

Luttrell, Tim ^[1]; Halpegamage, Sandamali ^[1]; Tao, Junguang ^[1]; Kramer, Alan ^[1]; Sutter, Eli ^[2]; Batzill, Matthias ^[1]

Univ. of South Florida, Tampa, FL (United States). Dept. of Physics
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials

The prototypical photocatalyst TiO2 exists in different polymorphs, the most common forms are the anatase- and rutile-crystal structures. Generally, anatase is more active than rutile, but no consensus exists to explain this difference. Here we demonstrate that it is the bulk transport of excitons to the surface that contributes to the difference. Utilizing high –quality epitaxial TiO2 films of the two polymorphs we evaluate the photocatalytic activity as a function of TiO2-film thickness. For anatase the activity increases for films up to ,5 nm thick, while rutile films reach their maximum activity for ,2.5 nm films already. This shows that charge carriers excited deeper in the bulk contribute to surface reactions in anatase than in rutile. Furthermore, we measure surface orientation dependent activity on rutile single crystals. The pronounced orientation-dependent activity can also be correlated to anisotropic bulk charge carrier mobility, suggesting general importance of bulk charge diffusion for explaining photocatalytic anisotropies.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-98CH10886

OSTI ID:: 1624689

Journal Information:: Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1; ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Material-specific properties applied to an environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials – implications on grouping and read-across concepts Wigger, Henning; Nowack, Bernd Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.9517685	text	January 2019
Beyond traditional coatings, a review on thermal sprayed functional and smart coatings Tejero-Martin, Daniel; Rad, Milad Rezvani; McDonald, André arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1811.05289	text	January 2018
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A Novel Approach to Enhance Mechanical and Thermal Properties of SLA 3D Printed Structure by Incorporation of Metal–Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Mubarak, Suhail; Dhamodharan, Duraisami; B. Kale, Manoj Nanomaterials, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020217	journal	January 2020

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