Morphology and mixing state of individual freshly emitted wildfire carbonaceous particles

China, Swarup; Mazzoleni, Claudio; Gorkowski, Kyle; Aiken, Allison C.; Dubey, Manvendra K.

doi:10.1038/ncomms3122

Morphology and mixing state of individual freshly emitted wildfire carbonaceous particles

Journal Article · Thu Jul 04 00:00:00 EDT 2013 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3122· OSTI ID:1623918

China, Swarup ^[1]; Mazzoleni, Claudio ^[2]; Gorkowski, Kyle ^[3]; Aiken, Allison C. ^[4]; Dubey, Manvendra K. ^[4]

Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States). Atmospheric Sciences Programs; DOE/OSTI
Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States). Atmospheric Sciences Programs
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Earth Systems Observations; Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States). Civil and Environmental Engineering
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Earth Systems Observations

Biomass burning is one of the largest sources of carbonaceous aerosols in the atmosphere, significantly affecting earth’s radiation budget and climate. Tar balls, abundant in biomass burning smoke, absorb sunlight and have highly variable optical properties, typically not accounted for in climate models. Here we analyse single biomass burning particles from the Las Conchas fire (New Mexico, 2011) using electron microscopy. We show that the relative abundance of tar balls (80%) is 10 times greater than soot particles (8%). We also report two distinct types of tar balls; one less oxidized than the other. Furthermore, the mixing of soot particles with other material affects their optical, chemical and physical properties. We quantify the morphology of soot particles and classify them into four categories: B50% are embedded (heavily coated), B34% are partly coated, B12% have inclusions andB4% are bare. Inclusion of these observations should improve climate model performances.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0006941

OSTI ID:: 1623918

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 4; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (48)

Changes of ns-soot mixing states and shapes in an urban area during CalNex: MIXING STATES AND SHAPES OF NS-SOOT Adachi, Kouji; Buseck, Peter R. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50321	journal	May 2013
Atmospheric tar balls from biomass burning in Mexico Adachi, Kouji; Buseck, Peter R. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jd015102	journal	January 2011
Brown carbon and internal mixing in biomass burning particles Lack, D. A.; Langridge, J. M.; Bahreini, R. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1206575109	journal	August 2012
Brown Carbon Spheres in East Asian Outflow and Their Optical Properties Alexander, D. T. L.; Crozier, P. A.; Anderson, J. R. Science, Vol. 321, Issue 5890 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1155296	journal	August 2008
Response to Comment on "Radiative Absorption Enhancements Due to the Mixing State of Atmospheric Black Carbon" Cappa, C. D.; Onasch, T. B.; Massoli, P. Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6118 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230260	journal	January 2013
The aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM Stier, P.; Feichter, J.; Kinne, S. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-1125-2005	journal	January 2005
MADE-in : a new aerosol microphysics submodel for global simulation of insoluble particles and their mixing state Aquila, V.; Hendricks, J.; Lauer, A. Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000039266	text	January 2011
Sensitivity of tropospheric oxidants to biomass burning emissions: implications for radiative forcing Mao, Jingqiu; Horowitz, Larry W.; Naik, Vaishali Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50210	journal	March 2013
Observations of near-inertial surface currents off Oregon: Decorrelation time and length scales: Scales of Near-Inertial Surface Currents Kim, Sung Yong; Kosro, P. Michael Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, Vol. 118, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20235	journal	July 2013
Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment: BLACK CARBON IN THE CLIMATE SYSTEM Bond, T. C.; Doherty, S. J.; Fahey, D. W. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50171	journal	June 2013
The Effect of Overlap between Monomers on the Determination of Fractal Cluster Morphology Oh, C.; Sorensen, C. M. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 193, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1997.5046	journal	September 1997
High resilience of the mycorrhizal community to prescribed seasonal burnings in eastern Mediterranean woodlands Livne-Luzon, Stav; Shemesh, Hagai; Osem, Yagil Mycorrhiza, Vol. 31, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-01010-5	journal	January 2021
Fractal and projected structure properties of soot aggregates Köylü, Ü. Ö.; Faeth, G. M.; Farias, T. L. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 100, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(94)00147-K	journal	March 1995
A Recipe for Image Characterization of Fractal-Like Aggregates Brasil, A. M.; Farias, T. L.; Carvalho, M. G. Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol. 30, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(99)00026-9	journal	December 1999
A study of radiative properties of fractal soot aggregates using the superposition T-matrix method Liu, Li; Mishchenko, Michael I.; Patrick Arnott, W. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 109, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2008.05.001	journal	October 2008
Oxygenated Interface on Biomass Burn Tar Balls Determined by Single Particle Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy Tivanski, Alexei V.; Hopkins, Rebecca J.; Tyliszczak, Tolek The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 111, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp070155u	journal	June 2007
Structural analysis of soot agglomerates Samson, R. J.; Mulholland, George W.; Gentry, J. W. Langmuir, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/la00074a022	journal	March 1987
Individual aerosol particles from biomass burning in southern Africa: 1. Compositions and size distributions of carbonaceous particles: SINGLE PARTICLES FROM SAVANNA BURNING Pósfai, Mihály; Simonics, Renáta; Li, Jia Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 108, Issue D13 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002291	journal	March 2003
A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion Bond, Tami C. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, Issue D14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003697	journal	January 2004
Atmospheric tar balls: Particles from biomass and biofuel burning: ATMOSPHERIC TAR BALLS Pósfai, Mihály; Gelencsér, András; Simonics, Renáta Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 109, Issue D6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004169	journal	March 2004
Optical, physical, and chemical properties of tar balls observed during the Yosemite Aerosol Characterization Study Hand, J. L.; Malm, W. C.; Laskin, A. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, Issue D21 https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005728	journal	January 2005
Fractal parameters of individual soot particles determined using electron tomography: Implications for optical properties Adachi, Kouji; Chung, Serena H.; Friedrich, Heiner Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008296	journal	January 2007
Atmospheric tar balls from biomass burning in Mexico Adachi, Kouji; Buseck, Peter R. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015102	journal	January 2011
Variations in organic aerosol optical and hygroscopic properties upon heterogeneous OH oxidation Cappa, Christopher D.; Che, Daphne L.; Kessler, Sean H. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue D15 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD015918	journal	January 2011
Importance of aerosol composition, mixing state, and morphology for heterogeneous ice nucleation: A combined field and laboratory approach: HETEROGENEOUS ICE NUCLEATION Baustian, Kelly J.; Cziczo, Daniel J.; Wise, Matthew E. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016784	journal	March 2012
Investigating cloud absorption effects: Global absorption properties of black carbon, tar balls, and soil dust in clouds and aerosols: CLOUD ABSORPTION EFFECTS Jacobson, Mark Z. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D6 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD017218	journal	March 2012
Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols Jacobson, Mark Z. Nature, Vol. 409, Issue 6821 https://doi.org/10.1038/35055518	journal	February 2001
Heterogeneous oxidation of atmospheric aerosol particles by gas-phase radicals George, I. J.; Abbatt, J. P. D. Nature Chemistry, Vol. 2, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.806	journal	August 2010
Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon Ramanathan, V.; Carmichael, G. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo156	journal	March 2008
Soot Particle Studies—Instrument Inter-Comparison—Project Overview Cross, Eben S.; Onasch, Timothy B.; Ahern, Adam Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 44, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.482113	journal	June 2010
Warming and Earlier Spring Increase Western U.S. Forest Wildfire Activity Westerling, A. L. Science, Vol. 313, Issue 5789 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1128834	journal	August 2006
Consistency Between Satellite-Derived and Modeled Estimates of the Direct Aerosol Effect Myhre, G. Science, Vol. 325, Issue 5937 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1174461	journal	June 2009
Radiative Absorption Enhancements Due to the Mixing State of Atmospheric Black Carbon Cappa, C. D.; Onasch, T. B.; Massoli, P. Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6098 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1223447	journal	August 2012
Comment on "Radiative Absorption Enhancements Due to the Mixing State of Atmospheric Black Carbon" Jacobson, M. Z. Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6118 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1229920	journal	January 2013
Impact of brown and clear carbon on light absorption enhancement, single scatter albedo and absorption wavelength dependence of black carbon Lack, D. A.; Cappa, C. D. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-4207-2010	journal	January 2010
Measured and modeled humidification factors of fresh smoke particles from biomass burning: role of inorganic constituents Hand, J. L.; Day, D. E.; McMeeking, G. M. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-6179-2010	journal	January 2010
Brown carbon in tar balls from smoldering biomass combustion Chakrabarty, R. K.; Moosmüller, H.; Chen, L. -W. A. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-6363-2010	journal	January 2010
A review of biomass burning emissions part III: intensive optical properties of biomass burning particles Reid, J. S.; Eck, T. F.; Christopher, S. A. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-827-2005	journal	January 2005
MATRIX (Multiconfiguration Aerosol TRacker of mIXing state): an aerosol microphysical module for global atmospheric models Bauer, S. E.; Wright, D. L.; Koch, D. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-6003-2008	journal	January 2008
Internally mixed soot, sulfates, and organic matter in aerosol particles from Mexico City Adachi, K.; Buseck, P. R. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-6469-2008	journal	January 2008
The comprehensive model system COSMO-ART – Radiative impact of aerosol on the state of the atmosphere on the regional scale Vogel, B.; Vogel, H.; Bäumer, D. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8661-2009	journal	January 2009
Reduction in biomass burning aerosol light absorption upon humidification: roles of inorganically-induced hygroscopicity, particle collapse, and photoacoustic heat and mass transfer Lewis, K. A.; Arnott, W. P.; Moosmüller, H. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8949-2009	journal	January 2009
Radiative forcing of the direct aerosol effect from AeroCom Phase II simulations Myhre, G.; Samset, B. H.; Schulz, M. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, Vol. 12, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-22355-2012	journal	January 2012
Are black carbon and soot the same? Buseck, P. R.; Adachi, K.; Gelencsér, A. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, Vol. 12, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-24821-2012	journal	January 2012
Recommendations for the interpretation of "black carbon" measurements Petzold, A.; Ogren, J. A.; Fiebig, M. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-9485-2013	journal	April 2013
MATRIX (Multiconfiguration Aerosol TRacker of mIXing state): an aerosol microphysical module for global atmospheric models Bauer, S. E.; Wright, D.; Koch, D. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-9931-2008	journal	January 2008
MADE-in: a new aerosol microphysics submodel for global simulation of insoluble particles and their mixing state Aquila, V.; Hendricks, J.; Lauer, A. Geoscientific Model Development, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-325-2011	journal	January 2011
Sensitivity of tropospheric oxidants to biomass burning emissions: implications for radiative forcing Mao, Jingqiu; Horowitz, Larry W.; Naik, Vaishali Columbia University https://doi.org/10.7916/d8k35t8r	text	January 2013

Cited By (74)

Enhanced light absorption by mixed source black and brown carbon particles in UK winter Liu, Shang; Aiken, Allison C.; Gorkowski, Kyle Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9435	journal	September 2015
Morphological and radiative characteristics of soot aggregates: Experimental and numerical research Sutcu, Ezgi; Doner, Nimeti; Liu, Fengshan Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57045-y	journal	January 2020
Cardiopulmonary toxicity of peat wildfire particulate matter and the predictive utility of precision cut lung slices Kim, Yong; Tong, Haiyan; Daniels, Mary Particle and Fibre Toxicology, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-11-29	journal	January 2014
The Toxicological Mechanisms of Environmental Soot (Black Carbon) and Carbon Black: Focus on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Pathways Niranjan, Rituraj; Thakur, Ashwani Kumar Frontiers in Immunology, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00763	journal	June 2017
The effect of complex black carbon microphysics on the determination of the optical properties of brown carbon: BC morphology on BrC optical properties Liu, Dantong; Taylor, Jonathan W.; Young, Dominque E. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gl062443	journal	January 2015
Impacts of nonrefractory material on light absorption by aerosols emitted from biomass burning: Biomass burning aerosol light absorption McMeeking, G. R.; Fortner, E.; Onasch, T. B. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd021750	journal	November 2014
Effects of biomass burning on climate, accounting for heat and moisture fluxes, black and brown carbon, and cloud absorption effects: Effects of biomass burning on climate Jacobson, Mark Z. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd021861	journal	July 2014
Light-absorbing properties of ambient black carbon and brown carbon from fossil fuel and biomass burning sources: LIGHT-ABSORBING PROPERTIES OF BC Healy, R. M.; Wang, J. M.; Jeong, C. -H. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023382	journal	July 2015
Ice nucleation activity of diesel soot particles at cirrus relevant temperature conditions: Effects of hydration, secondary organics coating, soot morphology, and coagulation Kulkarni, Gourihar; China, Swarup; Liu, Shang Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 43, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl068707	journal	April 2016
Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based On Detailed Source Calculations Reisner, Jon; D'Angelo, Gennaro; Koo, Eunmo Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jd027331	journal	March 2018
Radiative Properties of Atmospheric Black Carbon (Soot) Particles with Complex Structures He, Cenlin; Kokhanovsky, Alexander Springer Series in Light Scattering: Volume 4: Light Scattering and Radiative Transfer, p. 219-254 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20587-4_5	book	June 2019
Characterizing elemental, equivalent black, and refractory black carbon aerosol particles: a review of techniques, their limitations and uncertainties Lack, Daniel A.; Moosmüller, Hans; McMeeking, Gavin R. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 406, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-7402-3	journal	December 2013
Physical Properties of Aerosol Internally Mixed With Soot Particles in a Biogenically Dominated Environment in California Sharma, Noopur; China, Swarup; Bhandari, Janarjan Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl079404	journal	October 2018
Microscopic Observations of Core‐Shell Particle Structure and Implications for Atmospheric Aerosol Remote Sensing Unga, Florin; Choël, Marie; Derimian, Yevgeny Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd028602	journal	December 2018
Optical Properties of Laboratory and Ambient Biomass Burning Aerosols: Elucidating Black, Brown, and Organic Carbon Components and Mixing Regimes Romonosky, Dian E.; Gomez, Samantha L.; Lam, Jared Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jd029892	journal	May 2019
Aerosol Mixing State: Measurements, Modeling, and Impacts Riemer, N.; Ault, A. P.; West, M. Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 57, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018rg000615	journal	May 2019
The Impact of Cloud Processing on the Ice Nucleation Abilities of Soot Particles at Cirrus Temperatures Mahrt, Fabian; Kilchhofer, Kevin; Marcolli, Claudia Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 125, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd030922	journal	February 2020
Individual Particle Characteristics, Optical Properties and Evolution of an Extreme Long‐Range Transported Biomass Burning Event in the European Arctic (Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard Islands) Moroni, B.; Ritter, C.; Crocchianti, S. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 125, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd031535	journal	March 2020
Optical Modeling of Black Carbon With Different Coating Materials: The Effect of Coating Configurations Luo, Jie; Zhang, Qixing; Luo, Jianfei Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jd031701	journal	December 2019
Brownness of organics in aerosols from biomass burning linked to their black carbon content Saleh, Rawad; Robinson, Ellis S.; Tkacik, Daniel S. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 7, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2220	journal	August 2014
Black-carbon absorption enhancement in the atmosphere determined by particle mixing state Liu, Dantong; Whitehead, James; Alfarra, M. Rami Nature Geoscience, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2901	journal	February 2017
Extensive Soot Compaction by Cloud Processing from Laboratory and Field Observations Bhandari, Janarjan; China, Swarup; Chandrakar, Kamal Kant Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48143-y	journal	August 2019
Infrared-absorbing carbonaceous tar can dominate light absorption by marine-engine exhaust Corbin, J. C.; Czech, H.; Massabò, D. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-019-0069-5	journal	May 2019
Soot superaggregates from flaming wildfires and their direct radiative forcing Chakrabarty, Rajan K.; Beres, Nicholas D.; Moosmüller, Hans Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05508	journal	July 2014
Lab on a tip: atomic force microscopy – photothermal infrared spectroscopy of atmospherically relevant organic/inorganic aerosol particles in the nanometer to micrometer size range Or, Victor W.; Estillore, Armando D.; Tivanski, Alexei V. The Analyst, Vol. 143, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8an00171e	journal	January 2018
Size distribution and single particle characterization of airborne particulate matter collected in a silicon carbide plant Ervik, Torunn Kringlen; Benker, Nathalie; Weinbruch, Stephan Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, Vol. 21, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8em00518d	journal	January 2019
Spherical tarball particles form through rapid chemical and physical changes of organic matter in biomass-burning smoke Adachi, Kouji; Sedlacek, Arthur J.; Kleinman, Lawrence Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900129116	journal	September 2019
Methodology for quantifying the volatile mixing state of an aerosol Dickau, Matthew; Olfert, Jason; Stettler, Marc E. J. Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2016.1185509	journal	May 2016
Optical properties of black carbon in cookstove emissions coated with secondary organic aerosols: Measurements and modeling Saliba, Georges; Subramanian, R.; Saleh, Rawad Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 50, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2016.1225947	journal	July 2016
Volume changes upon heating of aerosol particles from biomass burning using transmission electron microscopy Adachi, Kouji; Sedlacek, Arthur J.; Kleinman, Lawrence Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 52, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2017.1373181	journal	September 2017
Evidence in biomass burning smoke for a light-absorbing aerosol with properties intermediate between brown and black carbon Adler, Gabriela; Wagner, Nicholas L.; Lamb, Kara D. Aerosol Science and Technology, Vol. 53, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2019.1617832	journal	May 2019
Scaling Laws for Light Absorption Enhancement Due to Nonrefractory Coating of Atmospheric Black Carbon Aerosol Chakrabarty, Rajan K.; Heinson, William R. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.121.218701	journal	November 2018
Effects of morphology on the radiative properties of internally mixed light absorbing carbon aerosols with different aging status Cheng, Tianhai; Wu, Yu; Chen, Hao Optics Express, Vol. 22, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.015904	journal	January 2014
Coating material-dependent differences in modelled lidar-measurable quantities for heavily coated soot particles Kanngiesser, Franz; Kahnert, Michael Optics Express, Vol. 27, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.036368	journal	January 2019
A Scale-up of Energy-Cycle Analysis on Processing Non-Woven Flax/PLA Tape and Triaxial Glass Fibre Fabric for Composites Tchana Toffe, Gilles; Oluwarotimi Ismail, Sikiru; Montalvão, Diogo Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing, Vol. 3, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp3040092	journal	November 2019
Scattering and Radiative Properties of Morphologically Complex Carbonaceous Aerosols: A Systematic Modeling Study Liu, Li; Mishchenko, Michael Remote Sensing, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101634	journal	October 2018
Infrared-absorbing carbonaceous tar can dominate light absorption by marine-engine exhaust Corbin, Joel C.; Czech, H.; Massabò, Dario ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000390543	text	January 2019
The Impact of Cloud Processing on the Ice Nucleation Abilities of Soot Particles at Cirrus Temperatures Fabian, Mahrt,; Kevin, Kilchhofer,; Claudia, Marcolli, ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000401195	text	January 2020
Atmospheric tar balls: aged primary droplets from biomass burning? Tóth, A.; Hoffer, A.; Nyirő-Kósa, I. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6669-2014	journal	January 2014
Variation of the radiative properties during black carbon aging: theoretical and experimental intercomparison He, C.; Liou, K. -N.; Takano, Y. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11967-2015	journal	January 2015
Mixing state of carbonaceous aerosol in an urban environment: single particle characterization using the soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) Lee, A. K. Y.; Willis, M. D.; Healy, R. M. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1823-2015	journal	January 2015
Perturbations of the optical properties of mineral dust particles by mixing with black carbon: a numerical simulation study Scarnato, B. V.; China, S.; Nielsen, K. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6913-2015	journal	January 2015
Morphology and mixing of black carbon particles collected in central California during the CARES field study Moffet, Ryan C.; O'Brien, Rachel E.; Alpert, Peter A. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14515-2016	journal	January 2016
Light absorption properties of laboratory-generated tar ball particles Hoffer, A.; Tóth, A.; Nyirő-Kósa, I. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-239-2016	journal	January 2016
Size distribution and mixing state of black carbon particles during a heavy air pollution episode in Shanghai Gong, Xianda; Zhang, Ci; Chen, Hong Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5399-2016	journal	January 2016
Direct observations of organic aerosols in common wintertime hazes in North China: insights into direct emissions from Chinese residential stoves Chen, Shurui; Xu, Liang; Zhang, Yinxiao Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1259-2017	journal	January 2017
Size-resolved chemical composition, effective density, and optical properties of biomass burning particles Zhai, Jinghao; Lu, Xiaohui; Li, Ling Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7481-2017	journal	January 2017
Chemical characterization of laboratory-generated tar ball particles Tóth, Ádám; Hoffer, András; Pósfai, Mihály Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10407-2018	journal	January 2018
Light absorption by polar and non-polar aerosol compounds from laboratory biomass combustion Sengupta, Deep; Samburova, Vera; Bhattarai, Chiranjivi Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10849-2018	journal	January 2018
Formation and evolution of tar balls from northwestern US wildfires Sedlacek III, Arthur J.; Buseck, Peter R.; Adachi, Kouji Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11289-2018	journal	January 2018
Speciated online PM₁ from South Asian combustion sources – Part 1: Fuel-based emission factors and size distributions Goetz, J. Douglas; Giordano, Michael R.; Stockwell, Chelsea E. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14653-2018	journal	January 2018
Effects of brown coatings on the absorption enhancement of black carbon: a numerical investigation Luo, Jie; Zhang, Yongming; Wang, Feng Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16897-2018	journal	January 2018
Microphysical characteristics of frozen droplet aggregates from deep convective clouds Um, Junshik; McFarquhar, Greg M.; Stith, Jeffrey L. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16915-2018	journal	January 2018
Production of particulate brown carbon during atmospheric aging of residential wood-burning emissions Kumar, Nivedita K.; Corbin, Joel C.; Bruns, Emily A. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17843-2018	journal	January 2018
Investigating biomass burning aerosol morphology using a laser imaging nephelometer Manfred, Katherine M.; Washenfelder, Rebecca A.; Wagner, Nicholas L. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1879-2018	journal	January 2018
Quantifying black carbon light absorption enhancement with a novel statistical approach Wu, Cheng; Wu, Dui; Yu, Jian Zhen Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-289-2018	journal	January 2018
Role of black carbon mass size distribution in the direct aerosol radiative forcing Zhao, Gang; Tao, Jiangchuan; Kuang, Ye Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13175-2019	journal	January 2019
Effective densities of soot particles and their relationships with the mixing state at an urban site in the Beijing megacity in the winter of 2018 Liu, Hang; Pan, Xiaole; Wu, Yu Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14791-2019	journal	January 2019
Detection of tar brown carbon with a single particle soot photometer (SP2) Corbin, Joel C.; Gysel-Beer, Martin Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 19, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15673-2019	journal	January 2019
Size-resolved chemical composition, effective density, and optical properties of biomass burning particles Zhai, Jinghao; Lu, Xiaohui; Li, Ling Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-1060	journal	December 2016
Investigating biomass burning aerosol morphology using a laser imaging nephelometer Manfred, Katherine M.; Washenfelder, Rebecca A.; Wagner, Nicholas L. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-842	posted_content	September 2017
Effects of brown coatings on the absorption enhancement of black carbon: a numerical investigation Luo, Jie; Zhang, Yongming; Wang, Feng Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-600	journal	June 2018
The filter-loading effect by ambient aerosols in filter absorption photometers depends on the coating of the sampled particles Drinovec, Luka; Gregorič, Asta; Zotter, Peter Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-1043-2017	journal	January 2017
Use of the Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) as a pre-filter for ice nucleation measurements: effect of particle mixing state and determination of SP2 conditions to fully vaporize refractory black carbon Schill, Gregory P.; DeMott, Paul J.; Levin, Ezra J. T. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-3007-2018	journal	January 2018
Structural changes of CAST soot during a thermal–optical measurement protocol Haller, Theresa; Rentenberger, Christian; Meyer, Jannik C. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 12, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-3503-2019	journal	January 2019
Coating material-dependent differences in modelled lidar-measurable quantities for heavily coated soot particles Kanngiesser, Franz; Kahnert, Michael EGU General Assembly 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-299	posted_content	May 2020
Production of particulate brown carbon during atmospheric aging of residential wood-burning emissions Kumar K., Nivedita; Corbin C., Joel; Bruns A., Emily Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2164455	text	January 2018
Production of particulate brown carbon during atmospheric aging of residential wood-burning emissions Kumar K., Nivedita; Corbin C., Joel; Bruns A., Emily Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2164456	text	January 2018
Enhanced light absorption by mixed source black and brown carbon particles in UK winter Liu, S.; Aiken, A. C.; Gorkowski, K. Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/110104164	text	January 2015
Optical properties of black carbon in cookstove emissions coated with secondary organic aerosols: Measurements and modeling Saliba, Georges; Subramanian, R.; Saleh, Rawad Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3749889	text	January 2016
Optical properties of black carbon in cookstove emissions coated with secondary organic aerosols: Measurements and modeling Saliba, Georges; Subramanian, R.; Saleh, Rawad Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3749889.v1	text	January 2016
Evidence in biomass burning smoke for a light-absorbing aerosol with properties intermediate between brown and black carbon Adler, Gabriela; Wagner, Nicholas L.; Lamb, Kara D. Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8109173	text	January 2019
Evidence in biomass burning smoke for a light-absorbing aerosol with properties intermediate between brown and black carbon Adler, Gabriela; Wagner, Nicholas L.; Lamb, Kara D. Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8109173.v1	text	January 2019
Enhanced light absorption by mixed source black and brown carbon particles in UK winter Chhabra, Puneet S.; Cappa, Christopher D.; Brooks, William A. Nature Publishing Group https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.73275	text	January 2015

Similar Records

Fractal-like Tar Ball Aggregates from Wildfire Smoke

Journal Article · Tue May 08 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Environmental Science & Technology Letters (Online) · OSTI ID:1455269

Optical Properties of Individual Tar Balls in the Free Troposphere

Journal Article · Thu Oct 19 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Environmental Science and Technology · OSTI ID:2205586

Extreme Molecular Complexity Resulting in a Continuum of Carbonaceous Species in Biomass Burning Tar Balls from Wildfire Smoke

Journal Article · Thu Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · ACS Earth and Space Chemistry · OSTI ID:1830622

Related Subjects

09 BIOMASS FUELS
Science & Technology - Other Topics

Morphology and mixing state of individual freshly emitted wildfire carbonaceous particles

Citation Formats

References (48)

Cited By (74)

Similar Records

Related Subjects