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Title: Impacts of Air-Fuel Stratification in ACI Combustion on Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emissions

Journal Article · · Emission Control Science & Technology
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Since multi-mode engine combustion strategies are being investigated as a pathway to increased vehicle fuel efficiency, a better understanding of particulate matter formation during the advanced compression ignition (ACI) modes and the resulting PM properties are of growing importance for mitigating PM emissions and/or developing emissions control strategies. ACI combustion strategies have demonstrated extremely low engine-out soot while achieving high break thermal efficiencies. However, US-regulated emissions for particulate matter (PM) are on a mass basis, which can consist of ash, soot or elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC). The composition of PM mass from ACI combustion ranges from nearly 100% OC to a mix of EC and OC particulates as the extent of fuel stratification increases. How the mass, compositions, and morphology of PM changes as fuel stratifies within the combustion chamber and what this can tell us about PM formation are presented through multi-cylinder, metal engine experiments. Using ACI modes ranging from homogeneous to highly stratified approaches, this study aimed to advance the understanding of how air-fuel stratification and fuel properties impact PM emissions formation; advanced gaseous and solid emission characterizations are also given. This study is part of a collaborative multi-lab initiative at the US Department of Energy that aims to simultaneously transform both transportation fuels and vehicles in order to maximize performance and energy efficiency, minimize environmental impact, and accelerate widespread adoption of innovative combustion strategies by providing the underlying science for this initiative.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1619414
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1513379
Journal Information:
Emission Control Science & Technology, Journal Name: Emission Control Science & Technology Vol. 5 Journal Issue: 3; ISSN 2199-3629
Publisher:
Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Figures / Tables (15)

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33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
Advanced compression ignition
Particulate matter
Low-temperature combustion
EC/OC speciation
Particle sizing
HCCI