High-temperature Majorana fermions in magnet-superconductor hybrid systems

Crawford, Daniel; Mascot, Eric; Morr, Dirk K.; Rachel, Stephan

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.174510

High-temperature Majorana fermions in magnet-superconductor hybrid systems

Journal Article · Tue May 12 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Physical Review B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.174510· OSTI ID:1618818

Crawford, Daniel ^[1]; Mascot, Eric ^[2]; ^[2]; Rachel, Stephan ^[1]

Univ. of Melbourne (Australia)
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)

Magnet-superconductor hybrid (MSH) structures represent one of the most promising platforms to realize, control, and manipulate Majorana modes using scanning tunneling methods. By depositing either chains or islands of magnetic atoms on the surface of a conventional, elemental superconductor such as Pb or Re, topological superconducting phases can emerge. They feature either localized Majorana bound states at the chain ends or dispersing chiral Majorana modes at the island's boundary. However, some of these experiments have not reached the spectral resolution to clearly distinguish between topological Majorana and trivial Shiba states due to very small superconducting gap sizes and experiments performed at sub-Kelvin temperatures. Here we consider superconducting substrates with unconventional spin-singlet pairing, including high-temperature d -wave and extended s -wave superconductors. We derive topological phase diagrams and compute edge states for cylinder and island geometries and discuss their properties. Several time-reversal invariant topological superconducting phases of the Zhang-Kane-Mele type are found and discussed. Addiotnally, we review one-dimensional MSH structures and show that parameters to realize topologically nontrivial magnetic chains embedded into a larger, two-dimensional substrate differ from the purely one-dimensional case. Quite generally we find that unconventional superconducting substrates work as well as the conventional s -wave substrates to realize topological phases. In particular, iron-based pnictide and chalcogenide superconductors are the most promising class of substrates for future high-temperature MSH systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Australian Research Council; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-05ER46225

Other Award/Contract Number:: DP200101118
PHY-1748958

OSTI ID:: 1618818

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 23013931
OSTI ID: 2893405

Journal Information:: Physical Review B, Journal Name: Physical Review B Journal Issue: 17 Vol. 101; ISSN 2469-9950; ISSN PRBMDO

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (63)

Teoria simmetrica dell’elettrone e del positrone Majorana, Ettore Il Nuovo Cimento, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02961314	journal	April 1937
Nodeless pairing in superconducting copper-oxide monolayer films on Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ Zhong, Yong; Wang, Yang; Han, Sha Science Bulletin, Vol. 61, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-016-1145-4	journal	August 2016
Nonabelions in the fractional quantum hall effect Moore, Gregory; Read, Nicholas Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 360, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(91)90407-O	journal	August 1991
Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond Kitaev, Alexei Annals of Physics, Vol. 321, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aop.2005.10.005	journal	January 2006
Twisted Bilayer Graphene: Moiré with a Twist Dai, Shuyang; Xiang, Yang; Srolovitz, David J. Nano Letters, Vol. 16, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02870	journal	August 2016
Evidence for d -Wave Superconductivity in Single Layer FeSe/SrTiO ₃ Probed by Quasiparticle Scattering Off Step Edges Ge, Zhuozhi; Yan, Chenhui; Zhang, Huimin Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00135	journal	March 2019
Superconductivity in two-dimensional CoO2 layers Takada, Kazunori; Sakurai, Hiroya; Takayama-Muromachi, Eiji Nature, Vol. 422, Issue 6927 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01450	journal	March 2003
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices Cao, Yuan; Fatemi, Valla; Fang, Shiang Nature, Vol. 556, Issue 7699 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature26160	journal	March 2018
Two-dimensional chiral topological superconductivity in Shiba lattices Li, Jian; Neupert, Titus; Wang, Zhijun Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12297	journal	July 2016
Electronic and magnetic phase diagram of β-Fe1.01Se with superconductivity at 36.7 K under pressure Medvedev, S.; McQueen, T. M.; Troyan, I. A. Nature Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2491	journal	June 2009
Superconductivity above 100 K in single-layer FeSe films on doped SrTiO3 Ge, Jian-Feng; Liu, Zhi-Long; Liu, Canhua Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4153	journal	November 2014
Non-Abelian statistics and topological quantum information processing in 1D wire networks Alicea, Jason; Oreg, Yuval; Refael, Gil Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1915	journal	February 2011
Plain s-wave superconductivity in single-layer FeSe on SrTiO3 probed by scanning tunnelling microscopy Fan, Q.; Zhang, W. H.; Liu, X. Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3450	journal	August 2015
Probing atomic structure and Majorana wavefunctions in mono-atomic Fe chains on superconducting Pb surface Pawlak, Rémy; Kisiel, Marcin; Klinovaja, Jelena npj Quantum Information, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/npjqi.2016.35	journal	November 2016
Nematic superconducting state in iron pnictide superconductors Li, Jun; Pereira, Paulo J.; Yuan, Jie Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02016-y	journal	December 2017
Two-dimensional topological superconductivity in Pb/Co/Si(111) Ménard, Gerbold C.; Guissart, Sébastien; Brun, Christophe Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02192-x	journal	December 2017
Correlated states in twisted double bilayer graphene Shen, Cheng; Chu, Yanbang; Wu, QuanSheng Nature Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-020-0825-9	journal	March 2020
Impurity bound states in fully gapped d-wave superconductors with subdominant order parameters Mashkoori, Mahdi; Björnson, Kristofer; Black-Schaffer, Annica M. Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44107	journal	March 2017
Unpaired Majorana fermions in quantum wires Kitaev, A. Yu Physics-Uspekhi, Vol. 44, Issue 10S https://doi.org/10.1070/1063-7869/44/10S/S29	journal	October 2001
Superconductivity in the PbO-type structure -FeSe Hsu, F. -C.; Luo, J. -Y.; Yeh, K. -W. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 105, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0807325105	journal	September 2008
Chiral superconductors Kallin, Catherine; Berlinsky, John Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/79/5/054502	journal	April 2016
From d-wave to s-wave pairing in the iron-pnictide superconductor (Ba,K)Fe ₂ As ₂ Reid, J-Ph; Juneau-Fecteau, A.; Gordon, R. T. Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 25, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/25/8/084013	journal	July 2012
Superconductivity at 56 K in samarium-doped SrFeAsF Wu, G.; Xie, Y. L.; Chen, H. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 21, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/21/14/142203	journal	March 2009
Topological phases in nodeless tetragonal superconductors Varona, S.; Ortiz, L.; Viyuela, O. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 30, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aadc71	journal	September 2018
Topological superconductors: a review Sato, Masatoshi; Ando, Yoichi Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/aa6ac7	journal	May 2017
Iron-based high transition temperature superconductors Chen, Xianhui; Dai, Pengcheng; Feng, Donglai National Science Review, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwu007	journal	July 2014
Unconventional pairing in single FeSe layers Jandke, Jasmin; Yang, Fang; Hlobil, Patrik Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.020503	journal	July 2019
Time-reversal invariant superconductivity of Sr 2 RuO 4 revealed by Josephson effects Kashiwaya, Satoshi; Saitoh, Kohta; Kashiwaya, Hiromi Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.094530	journal	September 2019
Dimensional tuning of Majorana fermions and real space counting of the Chern number Mascot, Eric; Cocklin, Sagen; Rachel, Stephan Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.184510	journal	November 2019
Stability of disordered topological superconducting phases in magnet-superconductor hybrid systems Mascot, Eric; Agrahar, Chaitra; Rachel, Stephan Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.235102	journal	December 2019
d -wave pairing in tetragonal superconductors Wenger, Fabian; Östlund, Stellan Physical Review B, Vol. 47, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.47.5977	journal	March 1993
Paired states of fermions in two dimensions with breaking of parity and time-reversal symmetries and the fractional quantum Hall effect Read, N.; Green, Dmitry Physical Review B, Vol. 61, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.61.10267	journal	April 2000
Enhanced superconducting pairing interaction in indium-doped tin telluride Erickson, A. S.; Chu, J. -H.; Toney, M. F. Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.024520	journal	January 2009
Unusual nature of fully gapped superconductivity in In-doped SnTe Novak, Mario; Sasaki, Satoshi; Kriener, Markus Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.140502	journal	October 2013
Topological superconductivity induced by ferromagnetic metal chains Li, Jian; Chen, Hua; Drozdov, Ilya K. Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.235433	journal	December 2014
Quantized charge transport in chiral Majorana edge modes Rachel, Stephan; Mascot, Eric; Cocklin, Sagen Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.205131	journal	November 2017
Impact of topology on the impurity effects in extended s -wave superconductors with spin-orbit coupling Mashkoori, M.; Moghaddam, A. G.; Hajibabaee, M. H. Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.014508	journal	January 2019
Majorana bound states in magnetic impurity chains: Effects of d -wave pairing Mashkoori, Mahdi; Black-Schaffer, Annica Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.024505	journal	January 2019
Superconducting Proximity Effect and Majorana Fermions at the Surface of a Topological Insulator Fu, Liang; Kane, C. L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.096407	journal	March 2008
Unconventional Superconductivity with a Sign Reversal in the Order Parameter of LaFeAsO 1 − x F x Mazin, I. I.; Singh, D. J.; Johannes, M. D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.057003	journal	July 2008
Unconventional Pairing Originating from the Disconnected Fermi Surfaces of Superconducting LaFeAsO 1 − x F x Kuroki, Kazuhiko; Onari, Seiichiro; Arita, Ryotaro Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.087004	journal	August 2008
Superconductivity at 38 K in the Iron Arsenide ( Ba 1 − x K x ) Fe 2 As 2 Rotter, Marianne; Tegel, Marcus; Johrendt, Dirk Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.107006	journal	September 2008
Superconductivity in Cu x Bi 2 Se 3 and its Implications for Pairing in the Undoped Topological Insulator Hor, Y. S.; Williams, A. J.; Checkelsky, J. G. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.057001	journal	February 2010
Majorana Fermions and a Topological Phase Transition in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures Lutchyn, Roman M.; Sau, Jay D.; Das Sarma, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.077001	journal	August 2010
Entanglement Spectrum of a Disordered Topological Chern Insulator Prodan, Emil; Hughes, Taylor L.; Bernevig, B. Andrei Physical Review Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.115501	journal	September 2010
Time-Reversal-Invariant Topological Superconductivity and Majorana Kramers Pairs Zhang, Fan; Kane, C. L.; Mele, E. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.056402	journal	August 2013
Topological Superconductivity and Majorana Fermions in RKKY Systems Klinovaja, Jelena; Stano, Peter; Yazdani, Ali Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.186805	journal	November 2013
Topological Superconductivity and High Chern Numbers in 2D Ferromagnetic Shiba Lattices Röntynen, Joel; Ojanen, Teemu Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.236803	journal	June 2015
End States and Subgap Structure in Proximity-Coupled Chains of Magnetic Adatoms Ruby, Michael; Pientka, Falko; Peng, Yang Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.197204	journal	November 2015
Nodeless High- T c Superconductivity in the Highly Overdoped CuO 2 Monolayer Jiang, Kun; Wu, Xianxin; Hu, Jiangping Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.227002	journal	November 2018
Non-Abelian Statistics of Half-Quantum Vortices in p -Wave Superconductors Ivanov, D. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.268	journal	January 2001
Electronic Model for C o O 2 Layer Based Systems: Chiral Resonating Valence Bond Metal and Superconductivity Baskaran, G. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.097003	journal	August 2003
Impurity-induced states in conventional and unconventional superconductors Balatsky, A. V.; Vekhter, I.; Zhu, Jian-Xin Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 78, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.78.373	journal	May 2006
Non-Abelian anyons and topological quantum computation Nayak, Chetan; Simon, Steven H.; Stern, Ady Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 80, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.80.1083	journal	September 2008
Toward tailoring Majorana bound states in artificially constructed magnetic atom chains on elemental superconductors Kim, Howon; Palacio-Morales, Alexandra; Posske, Thore Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar5251	journal	May 2018
Atomic-scale interface engineering of Majorana edge modes in a 2D magnet-superconductor hybrid system Palacio-Morales, Alexandra; Mascot, Eric; Cocklin, Sagen Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav6600	journal	July 2019
Signatures of Majorana Fermions in Hybrid Superconductor-Semiconductor Nanowire Devices Mourik, V.; Zuo, K.; Frolov, S. M. Science, Vol. 336, Issue 6084 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1222360	journal	April 2012
Observation of Majorana fermions in ferromagnetic atomic chains on a superconductor Nadj-Perge, S.; Drozdov, I. K.; Li, J. Science, Vol. 346, Issue 6209 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1259327	journal	October 2014
Observation of topological superconductivity on the surface of an iron-based superconductor Zhang, Peng; Yaji, Koichiro; Hashimoto, Takahiro Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6385 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan4596	journal	March 2018
Evidence for Majorana bound states in an iron-based superconductor Wang, Dongfei; Kong, Lingyuan; Fan, Peng Science, Vol. 362, Issue 6412 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao1797	journal	August 2018
Chern Numbers in Discretized Brillouin Zone: Efficient Method of Computing (Spin) Hall Conductances Fukui, Takahiro; Hatsugai, Yasuhiro; Suzuki, Hiroshi Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 74, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.74.1674	journal	June 2005
Symmetry and Topology in Superconductors –Odd-Frequency Pairing and Edge States– Tanaka, Yukio; Sato, Masatoshi; Nagaosa, Naoto Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 81, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.81.011013	journal	January 2012
Unusual Pseudogap Features Observed in Iron Oxypnictide Superconductors Ishida, Yukiaki; Shimojima, Takahiro; Ishizaka, Kyoko Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 77, Issue Suppl.C https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJS.77SC.61	journal	January 2008

Similar Records

Quantized charge transport in chiral Majorana edge modes

Journal Article · Wed Nov 15 19:00:00 EST 2017 · Physical Review. B · OSTI ID:2930407

Magnet-superconductor hybrid quantum systems: a materials platform for topological superconductivity

Journal Article · Sat Aug 31 20:00:00 EDT 2024 · Rivista del Nuovo Cimento della Societa Italiana di Fisica · OSTI ID:2576300

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY

High-temperature Majorana fermions in magnet-superconductor hybrid systems

Citation Formats

References (63)

Similar Records

Related Subjects