The first Hubble diagram and cosmological constraints using superluminous supernovae

Journal Article · Fri Apr 09 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab978· OSTI ID:1618058

Inserra, C. ^[1]; Sullivan, M. ^[2]; Angus, C. R. ^[3]; Macaulay, E. ^[4]; Nichol, R. C. ^[5]; Smith, M. ^[6]; Frohmaier, C. ^[5]; Gutiérrez, C. P. ^[7]; Vicenzi, M. ^[5]; Möller, A. ^[8]; Brout, D. ^[9]; Brown, P. J. ^[10]; Davis, T. M. ^[11]; D’Andrea, C. B. ^[9]; Galbany, L. ^[12]; Kessler, R. ^[13]; Kim, A. G. ^[14]; Pan, Y-C ^[15]; Pursiainen, M. ^[2]; Scolnic, D. ^[16] ; Thomas, B. P. ^[5]; Wiseman, P. ^[2]; Abbott, T. C. ^[17]; Annis, J. ^[18]; Avila, S. ^[19]; Bertin, E. ^[20]; Brooks, D. ^[21]; Burke, D. L. ^[22]; Carnero Rosell, A. ^[23]; Carrasco Kind, M. ^[24]; Carretero, J. ^[25]; Castander, F. J. ^[26]; Cawthon, R. ^[27]; Desai, S. ^[28]; Diehl, H. T. ^[18]; Eifler, T. F. ^[29]; Finley, D. A. ^[18]; Flaugher, B. ^[18]; Fosalba, P. ^[26]; Frieman, J. ^[30]; Garcia-Bellido, J. ^[19]; Gaztanaga, E. ^[26]; Gerdes, D. W. ^[31]; Giannantonio, T. ^[32]; Gruen, D. ^[33]; Gruendl, R. A. ^[24]; Gschwend, J. ^[34]; Gutierrez, G. ^[18]; Hollowood, D. L. ^[35]; Honscheid, K. ^[36]; James, D. J. ^[37]; Krause, E. ^[38]; Kuehn, K. ^[39]; Kuropatkin, N. ^[18]; Li, T. S. ^[40]; Lidman, C. ^[41]; Lima, M. ^[42]; Maia, M. G. ^[34]; Marshall, J. L. ^[9]; Martini, P. ^[36]; Menanteau, F. ^[24]; Miquel, R. ^[43]; Plazas Malagón, A. A. ^[44]; Romer, A. K. ^[45]; Roodman, A. ^[22]; Sako, M. ^[9]; Sanchez, E. ^[46]; Scarpine, V. ^[18]; Schubnell, M. ^[47]; Serrano, S. ^[26]; Sevilla-Noarbe, I. ^[46]; Soares-Santos, M. ^[48]; Sobreira, F. ^[49]; Suchyta, E. ^[50]; Swanson, M. C. ^[51]; Tarle, G. ^[47]; Thomas, D. ^[5]; Tucker, D. L. ^[18]; Vikram, V. ^[52]; Walker, A. R. ^[17]; Zhang, Y. ^[18]; Asorey, J. ^[53]; Calcino, J. ^[11]; Carollo, D. ^[54]; Glazebrook, K. ^[55]; Hinton, S. R. ^[11]; Hoormann, J. K. ^[11]; Lewis, G. F. ^[56]; Sharp, R. ^[41]; Swann, E. ^[2]; Tucker, B. E. ^[41]

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1. School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queens Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
2. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
3. DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Lyngbyvej 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA 30597, USA
5. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK
6. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Institut de Physique des Deux Infinis, Université de Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
7. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland; Tuorla Observatory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland
8. Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
9. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
10. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
11. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
12. Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain
13. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
14. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
15. Division of Science, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
16. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
17. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
18. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
19. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
20. Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France; Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France
21. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
22. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, PO Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
23. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain; Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, 20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
24. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
25. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
26. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
27. Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1390, USA
28. Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
29. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
30. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
31. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
32. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK; Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
33. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, PO Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
34. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, 20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, 20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
35. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
36. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
37. ASTRAVEO LLC, PO Box 1668, Gloucester, MA 01931, USA
38. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
39. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
40. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
41. The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia
42. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, 20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05314-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
43. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
44. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
45. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
46. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain
47. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
48. Physics Department, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
49. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid 28040, Spain; Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
50. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
51. National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
52. Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
53. Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-348, Korea
54. INAF, Astrophysical Observatory of Turin, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy
55. Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
56. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

In this work, we present the first Hubble diagram of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) out to a redshift of two, together with constraints on the matter density, Ω_M, and the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w(≡p/ρ). We build a sample of 20 cosmologically useful SLSNe I based on light curve and spectroscopy quality cuts. We confirm the robustness of the peak–decline SLSN I standardization relation with a larger data set and improved fitting techniques than previous works. We then solve the SLSN model based on the above standardization via minimization of the χ2 computed from a covariance matrix that includes statistical and systematic uncertainties. For a spatially flat Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model, we find $$\Omega _{\rm M}=0.38^{+0.24}_{-0.19}$$, with an rms of 0.27 mag for the residuals of the distance moduli. For a w₀w_aCDM cosmological model, the addition of SLSNe I to a ‘baseline’ measurement consisting of Planck temperature together with Type Ia supernovae, results in a small improvement in the constraints of w₀ and wa of 4 per cent. We present simulations of future surveys with 868 and 492 SLSNe I (depending on the configuration used) and show that such a sample can deliver cosmological constraints in a flat ΛCDM model with the same precision (considering only statistical uncertainties) as current surveys that use Type Ia supernovae, while providing a factor of 2–3 improvement in the precision of the constraints on the time variation of dark energy, w₀ and w_a. This paper represents the proof of concept for superluminous supernova cosmology, and demonstrates they can provide an independent test of cosmology in the high-redshift (z > 1) universe.

• Research Organization: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
• Contributing Organization: DES Collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-05CH11231; AC02-07CH11359; AC02-76SF00515; AC05-00OR22725; SC0019193
• OSTI ID: 1618058
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1812720; OSTI ID: 1818687; OSTI ID: 1831107; OSTI ID: 1871669
• Report Number(s): FERMILAB-PUB--19-115-AE; arXiv:2004.12218; oai:inspirehep.net:1793080
• Journal Information: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 504; ISSN 0035-8711
• Publisher: Royal Astronomical Society
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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dark matter
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