Shear Thickening Electrolyte Built from Sterically Stabilized Colloidal Particles

Shen, Brian H.; Armstrong, Beth L.; Doucet, Mathieu; Heroux, Luke; Browning, James F.; Agamalian, Michael; Tenhaeff, Wyatt E.; Veith, Gabriel M.

doi:10.1021/acsami.7b19441

Shear Thickening Electrolyte Built from Sterically Stabilized Colloidal Particles

Journal Article · Thu Mar 01 23:00:00 EST 2018 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b19441· OSTI ID:1617822

Shen, Brian H. ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[3]; ^[3]; Tenhaeff, Wyatt E. ^[4]; ^[2]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division; Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Neutron Scattering Division
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States

We present a method to prepare shear thickening electrolytes consisting of silica nanoparticles in conventional liquid electrolytes with limited flocculation. These electrolytes rapidly and reversibly stiffen to solidlike behaviors in the presence of external shear or high impact, which is promising for improved lithium ion battery safety, especially in electric vehicles. However, in initial chemistries the silica nanoparticles aggregate and/or sediment in solution over time. Here, we demonstrate steric stabilization of silica colloids in conventional liquid electrolyte via surface-tethered PMMA brushes, synthesized via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The PMMA increases the magnitude of the shear thickening response, compared to the uncoated particles, from 0.311 to 2.25 Pa s. Ultrasmall-angle neutron scattering revealed a reduction in aggregation of PMMA-coated silica nanoparticles compared to bare silica nanoparticles in solution under shear and at rest, suggesting good stabilization. Conductivity tests of shear thickening electrolytes (30 wt % solids in electrolyte) at rest were performed with interdigitated electrodes positioned near the meniscus of electrolytes over the course of 24 h to track supernatant formation. Conductivity of electrolytes with bare silica increased from 10.1 to 11.6 mS cm^–1 over 24 h due to flocculation. In contrast, conductivity of electrolytes with PMMA-coated silica remained stable at 6.1 mS cm^–1 over the same time period, suggesting good colloid stability.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22); USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) (SC-27); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1617822

Journal Information:: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Journal Name: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 10; ISSN 1944-8244

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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