A soil flushing study for petroleum hydrocarbon removal
- Dell Engineering, Inc., Holland, MI (United States)
A 5-week soil column treatability study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of a closed-loop groundwater recovery and reinjection system to enhance soil flushing and biodegradation of petroleum contaminants. The site soil and groundwater are impacted with BTEX and PAH contaminants due to the release of No. 2 and No. 6 fuel oil from a UST. Nutrients and two nonionic surfactants, Tergitol NP-10 and Tween 80, were evaluated for the potential of enhancing soil flushing and biodegradation. The amendments were added to unimpacted oxygenated site groundwater which was continuously pumped to the top of the soil columns and allowed to percolate vertically downward through the columns to simulate unsaturated flow through the soil. Total heterotrophic microbial plate counts conducted at the end of the 5-week study were highest in soil amended with Tergitol NP-10 and nutrients (1.9 X 10{sup 8} CFU/dry gram soil) compared to 6.2 X 10{sup 6} CFU/dry gram soil in the initial soil sample. Initial concentrations of total BTEX (270 {mu}g/kg) and naphthalene (8,500 {mu}g/kg) were reduced to below detectable limits in all of the soil columns. Total PAH removal rates were 52% and 51% in unamended and nutrient-amended soils, respectively, from an initial total soil PAH concentration of-approximately 70 mg/kg. Amendment with nutrients and Tergitol NP-10 resulted in a 48% reduction in total soil PAHs compared to 39% in a microbially-inhibited Tergitol NP-10 + nutrient-amended soil. The Tween 80 + nutrient-amendment resulted in only a 34% reduction in total soil PAHs. TPH concentrations measured in the effluent groundwater were highest in the Tergitol NP-10 + nutrient-amended soil (37.6 mg/{ell}) after 1 week. However, after 5 weeks, the effluent TPH concentration had leveled off to 6.5 mg/1 compared to 29.4 mg/{ell} in the microbially-inhibited Tergitol NP-10 + nutrient-amended soil.
- OSTI ID:
- 161763
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-950978-; TRN: 95:008718-0006
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 18. international Madison waste conference: where are we going?, Madison, WI (United States), 20-21 Sep 1995; Other Information: PBD: 1995; Related Information: Is Part Of Proceedings of the eighteenth international Madison waste conference - municipal & industrial waste; PB: 461 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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