Electrowetting‐Mediated Transport to Produce Electrochemical Transistor Action in Nanopore Electrode Arrays

Kwon, Seung‐Ryong; Baek, Seol; Fu, Kaiyu; Bohn, Paul W.

doi:10.1002/smll.201907249

Electrowetting‐Mediated Transport to Produce Electrochemical Transistor Action in Nanopore Electrode Arrays

Journal Article · Thu Apr 09 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Small

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201907249· OSTI ID:1617533

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Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
Department of Radiology and Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94306 USA
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA

Abstract

Understanding water behavior in confined volumes is important in applications ranging from water purification to healthcare devices. Especially relevant are wetting and dewetting phenomena which can be switched by external stimuli, such as light and electric fields. Here, these behaviors are exploited for electrochemical processing by voltage‐directed ion transport in nanochannels contained within nanopore arrays in which each nanopore presents three electrodes. The top and middle electrodes (TE and ME) are in direct contact with the nanopore volume, but the bottom electrode (BE) is buried beneath a 70 nm silicon nitride (SiN _x ) insulating layer. Electrochemical transistor operation is realized when small, defect‐mediated channels are opened in the SiN _x . These defect channels exhibit voltage‐driven wetting that mediates the mass transport of redox species to/from the BE. When BE is held at a potential maintaining the defect channels in the wetted state, setting the potential of ME at either positive or negative overpotential results in strong electrochemical rectification with rectification factors up to 440. By directing the voltage‐induced electrowetting of defect channels, these three‐electrode nanopore structures can achieve precise gating and ion/molecule separation, and, as such, may be useful for applications such as water purification and drug delivery.

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-07ER15851

OSTI ID:: 1617533

Journal Information:: Small, Journal Name: Small Journal Issue: 18 Vol. 16; ISSN 1613-6810

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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