Deficiency in the DNA repair protein ERCC1 triggers a link between senescence and apoptosis in human fibroblasts and mouse skin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato CA USA
- Centre for Health Protection Research National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) Bilthoven The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology ONCODE Institute Utrecht The Netherlands
- CECAD Forschungszentrum Köln Germany
- Department of Molecular Genetics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology ONCODE Institute Utrecht The Netherlands; CECAD Forschungszentrum Köln Germany
- Department of Molecular Medicine Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio TX USA
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato CA USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
ERCC1 (excision repair cross complementing-group 1) is a mammalian endonuclease that incises the damaged strand of DNA during nucleotide excision repair and interstrand cross-link repair. Ercc1-/Δ mice, carrying one null and one hypomorphic Ercc1 allele, have been widely used to study aging due to accelerated aging phenotypes in numerous organs and their shortened lifespan. Ercc1-/Δ mice display combined features of human progeroid and cancer-prone syndromes. Although several studies report cellular senescence and apoptosis associated with the premature aging of Ercc1-/Δ mice, the link between these two processes and their physiological relevance in the phenotypes of Ercc1-/Δ mice are incompletely understood. Here, we show that ERCC1 depletion, both in cultured human fibroblasts and the skin of Ercc1-/Δ mice, initially induces cellular senescence and, importantly, increased expression of several SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype) factors. Cellular senescence induced by ERCC1 deficiency was dependent on activity of the p53 tumor-suppressor protein. In turn, TNFα secreted by senescent cells induced apoptosis, not only in neighboring ERCC1-deficient nonsenescent cells, but also cell autonomously in the senescent cells themselves. In addition, expression of the stem cell markers p63 and Lgr6 was significantly decreased in Ercc1-/Δ mouse skin, where the apoptotic cells are localized, compared to age-matched wild-type skin, possibly due to the apoptosis of stem cells. These data suggest that ERCC1-depleted cells become susceptible to apoptosis via TNFα secreted from neighboring senescent cells. We speculate that parts of the premature aging phenotypes and shortened health- or lifespan may be due to stem cell depletion through apoptosis promoted by senescent cells.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); European Research Council (ERC); KWO Dutch Cancer Society; German Research Foundation (DFG)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; AG009909; AG017242; Dam2Age; 5030
- OSTI ID:
- 1615312
- Journal Information:
- Aging Cell, Vol. 19, Issue 3; ISSN 1474-9718
- Publisher:
- Anatomical Society - WileyCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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