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Title: On the Growth and Saturation of the Gyroresonant Streaming Instabilities

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

The self-regulation of cosmic-ray (CR) transport in the interstellar and intracluster media has long been viewed through the lenses of linear and quasi-linear kinetic plasma physics. Such theories are believed to capture the essence of CR behavior in the presence of self-generated turbulence but cannot describe potentially critical details arising from the nonlinearities of the problem. We utilize the particle-in-cell numerical method to study the time-dependent nonlinear behavior of the gyroresonant streaming instabilities, self-consistently following the combined evolution of particle distributions and self-generated wave spectra in one-dimensional periodic simulations. We demonstrate that the early growth of instability conforms to the predictions from linear physics, but that the late-time behavior can vary depending on the properties of the initial CR distribution. We emphasize that the nonlinear stages of instability depend strongly on the initial anisotropy of CRs—highly anisotropic CR distributions do not efficiently reduce to Alfvénic drift velocities, owing to reduced production of left-handed resonant modes. We derive estimates for the wave amplitudes at saturation and the timescales for nonlinear relaxation of the CR distribution and then demonstrate the applicability of these estimates to our simulations. Bulk flows of the background plasma due to the presence of resonant waves are observed in our simulations, confirming the microphysical basis of CR-driven winds.

Research Organization:
Krell Institute, Ames, IA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF); Simons Foundation
Grant/Contract Number:
NA0002135; AST-1814708; 267233
OSTI ID:
1614477
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 882, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 28 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (6)

Efficient Production of Sound Waves by AGN Jets in the Intracluster Medium journal November 2019
CHANG-ES: XVI. An in-depth view of the cosmic-ray transport in the edge-on spiral galaxies NGC 891 and NGC 4565 journal November 2019
But what about...: cosmic rays, magnetic fields, conduction, and viscosity in galaxy formation journal December 2019
dHybridR : A Hybrid Particle-in-cell Code Including Relativistic Ion Dynamics journal December 2019
But What About... Cosmic Rays, Magnetic Fields, Conduction, & Viscosity in Galaxy Formation text January 2019
dHybridR: a Hybrid--Particle-in-Cell Code Including Relativistic Ion Dynamics text January 2019

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