Understanding detailed balance for an electron-radiation system through mixed quantum-classical electrodynamics

Chen, Hsing-Ta; Li, Tao E.; Nitzan, Abraham; Subotnik, Joseph E.

doi:10.1103/physreva.100.010101

Understanding detailed balance for an electron-radiation system through mixed quantum-classical electrodynamics

Journal Article · Thu Jul 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Physical Review A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.100.010101· OSTI ID:1613218

^[1]; Li, Tao E. ^[2]; Nitzan, Abraham ^[2]; Subotnik, Joseph E. ^[2]

Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States); DOE/OSTI
Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)

We investigate detailed balance for a quantum system interacting with thermal radiation within mixed quantum-classical theory. For a two-level system coupled to classical radiation fields, three semiclassical methods are benchmarked: (1) Ehrenfest dynamics overestimate the excited-state population at equilibrium due to the failure of capturing vacuum fluctuations. (2) The coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations, which supplement Ehrenfest dynamics by damping at the full golden rule rate, underestimate the excited state population due to double-counting of the self-interaction effect. (3) Ehrenfest+R dynamics recover detailed balance and the correct thermal equilibrium by enforcing the correct balance between the optical excitation and spontaneous emission of the quantum system. Furthermore, these results highlight the fact that, when properly designed, mixed quantum-classical electrodynamics can simulate thermal equilibrium in the field of nanoplasmonics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019397

OSTI ID:: 1613218

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1546426

Journal Information:: Physical Review A, Journal Name: Physical Review A Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 100; ISSN 2469-9926

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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