Strong evidence that the galactic bulge is shining in gamma rays

Macias, Oscar; Horiuchi, Shunsaku; Kaplinghat, Manoj; Gordon, Chris; Crocker, Roland M.; Nataf, David M.

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2019/09/042

Strong evidence that the galactic bulge is shining in gamma rays

Journal Article · Fri Sep 20 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/09/042· OSTI ID:1612932

Macias, Oscar ^[1]; Horiuchi, Shunsaku ^[2]; Kaplinghat, Manoj ^[3]; Gordon, Chris ^[4]; Crocker, Roland M. ^[5]; Nataf, David M. ^[6]

Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Center for Neutrino Physics. Dept. of Physics; Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa (Japan). Kavli Inst. for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI); Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands). GRAPPA Inst.; DOE/OSTI
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Center for Neutrino Physics. Dept. of Physics
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). Center for Cosmology. Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Univ. of Canterbury, Christchurch (New Zealand). School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia). Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Center for Astrophysical Sciences. Dept. of Physics and Astronomy

There is growing evidence that the Galactic Center Excess identified in the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data arises from a population of faint astrophysical sources. We provide compelling supporting evidence by showing that the morphology of the excess traces the stellar over-density of the Galactic bulge. By adopting a template of the bulge stars obtained from a triaxial 3D fit to the diffuse near-infrared emission, we show that it is detected at high significance. The significance deteriorates when either the position or the orientation of the template is artificially shifted, supporting the correlation of the gamma-ray data with the Galactic bulge. In deriving these results, we have used more sophisticated templates at low-latitudes for the Fermi bubbles compared to previous work and the three-dimensional Inverse Compton (IC) maps recently released by the GALPROP team. Our results provide strong constraints on Millisecond Pulsar (MSP) formation scenarios proposed to explain the excess. We find that an admixture formation scenario, in which some of the relevant binaries are primordial and the rest are formed dynamically, is preferred over a primordial-only formation scenario at 7.6σ confidence level. Our detailed morphological analysis also disfavors models of the disrupted globular clusters scenario that predict a spherically symmetric distribution of MSPs in the Galactic bulge. For the first time, we report evidence of a high energy tail in the nuclear bulge spectrum that could be the result of IC emission from electrons and positrons injected by a population of MSPs and star formation activity from the same site.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018327

OSTI ID:: 1612932

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 22902132

Journal Information:: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal Issue: 09 Vol. 2019; ISSN 1475-7516

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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