The surface-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in tropical rainforests: Sensitivity to environmental drivers and flux measurement methodology

Fu, Zheng; Gerken, Tobias; Bromley, Gabriel; Araújo, Alessandro; Bonal, Damien; Burban, Benoît; Ficklin, Darren; Fuentes, Jose D.; Goulden, Michael; Hirano, Takashi; Kosugi, Yoshiko; Liddell, Michael; Nicolini, Giacomo; Niu, Shuli; Roupsard, Olivier; Stefani, Paolo; Mi, Chunrong; Tofte, Zaddy; Xiao, Jingfeng; Valentini, Riccardo; Wolf, Sebastian; Stoy, Paul C.

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.09.001

The surface-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in tropical rainforests: Sensitivity to environmental drivers and flux measurement methodology

Journal Article · Wed Sep 12 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.09.001· OSTI ID:1611598

Fu, Zheng ^[1]; Gerken, Tobias ^[2]; Bromley, Gabriel ^[2]; Araújo, Alessandro ^[3]; Bonal, Damien ^[4]; Burban, Benoît ^[5]; Ficklin, Darren ^[6]; Fuentes, Jose D. ^[7]; Goulden, Michael ^[8]; Hirano, Takashi ^[9]; Kosugi, Yoshiko ^[10]; Liddell, Michael ^[11]; Nicolini, Giacomo ^[12]; Niu, Shuli ^[13]; Roupsard, Olivier ^[14]; Stefani, Paolo ^[15]; Mi, Chunrong ^[16]; Tofte, Zaddy ^[2]; Xiao, Jingfeng ^[17]; Valentini, Riccardo ^[12] more »

Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China); Univ. of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (China); DOE/OSTI
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém (Brazil)
Univ. de Lorraine, Nancy (France)
INRA, UMR Ecofog, Kourou, French Guiana (France)
Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States)
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan)
Kyoto Univ. (Japan)
James Cook Univ., Cairns, QLD (Australia)
Univ. of Tuscia, Viterbo (Italy); Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Viterbo (Italy)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, Montpellier (France); CATIE, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba (Costa Rica)
Univ. of Tuscia, Viterbo (Italy)
Univ. of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (China)
Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
ETH Zurich (Switzerland)

Tropical rainforests play a central role in the Earth system by regulating climate, maintaining biodiversity, and sequestering carbon. They are under threat by direct anthropogenic impacts like deforestation and the indirect anthropogenic impacts of climate change. A synthesis of the factors that determine the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (NEE) at the site scale across different forests in the tropical rainforest biome has not been undertaken to date. Here, we study NEE and its components, gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (RE), across thirteen natural and managed forests within the tropical rainforest biome with 63 total site-years of eddy covariance data. Our results reveal that the five ecosystems with the largest annual gross carbon uptake by photosynthesis (i.e. GEP > 3000 g C m^-2 y^-1) have the lowest net carbon uptake – or even carbon losses – versus other study ecosystems because RE is of a similar magnitude. Sites that provided subcanopy CO₂ storage observations had higher average magnitudes of GEP and RE and lower average magnitudes of NEE, highlighting the importance of measurement methodology for understanding carbon dynamics in ecosystems with characteristically tall and dense vegetation. A path analysis revealed that vapor pressure deficit (VPD) played a greater role than soil moisture or air temperature in constraining GEP under light saturated conditions across most study sites, but to differing degrees from -0.31 to -0.87 μmol CO₂ m^-2 s^-1 hPa^-1. Climate projections from 13 general circulation models (CMIP5) under the representative concentration pathway that generates 8.5 W m^-2 of radiative forcing suggest that many current tropical rainforest sites on the lower end of the current temperature range are likely to reach a climate space similar to present-day warmer sites by the year 2050, warmer sites will reach a climate not currently experienced, and all forests are likely to experience higher VPD. Results demonstrate the need to quantify if and how mature tropical trees acclimate to heat and water stress, and to further develop flux-partitioning and gap-filling algorithms for defensible estimates of carbon exchange in tropical rainforests.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0011097

OSTI ID:: 1611598

Journal Information:: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Name: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Vol. 263; ISSN 0168-1923

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Reviews and syntheses: Turning the challenges of partitioning ecosystem evaporation and transpiration into opportunities Stoy, Paul C.; El-Madany, Tarek S.; Fisher, Joshua B. ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000370418	text	January 2019
Reviews and syntheses: Turning the challenges of partitioning ecosystem evaporation and transpiration into opportunities Stoy, Paul C.; El-Madany, Tarek S.; Fisher, Joshua B. Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000099100	text	January 2019

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