Sustained Nonphotochemical Quenching Shapes the Seasonal Pattern of Solar-Induced Fluorescence at a High-Elevation Evergreen Forest

Raczka, Brett; Porcar‐Castell, A.; Magney, T.; Lee, J. E.; Köhler, P.; Frankenberg, C.; Grossmann, K.; Logan, B. A.; Stutz, J.; Blanken, P. D.; Burns, S. P.; Duarte, H.; Yang, X.; Lin, J. C.; Bowling, D. R.

doi:10.1029/2018jg004883

Sustained Nonphotochemical Quenching Shapes the Seasonal Pattern of Solar-Induced Fluorescence at a High-Elevation Evergreen Forest

Journal Article · Mon Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jg004883· OSTI ID:1611476

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; Köhler, P. ^[5]; ^[3]; Grossmann, K. ^[6]; ^[7]; ^[8]; Blanken, P. D. ^[9]; ^[10]; Duarte, H. ^[9]; ^[11]; ^[9]; ^[9]

Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); DOE/OSTI
Univ. of Helsinki (Finland)
California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab. (JPL)
Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
Heidelberg Univ. (Germany); Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)

Traditional methods of carbon monitoring in mountainous regions are challenged by complex terrain. Recently, solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) has been found to be an indicator of gross primary production (GPP), and the increased availability of remotely sensed SIF provides an opportunity to estimate GPP across the Western United States. Although the empirical linkage between SIF and GPP is strong, the current mechanistic understanding of this linkage is incomplete and depends upon changes in leaf biochemical processes in which absorbed sunlight leads to photochemistry, heat (via nonphotochemical quenching [NPQ]), fluorescence, or tissue damage. An improved mechanistic understanding is necessary to leverage SIF observations to improve representation of ecosystem processes within land surface models. Here we included an improved fluorescence model within the Community Land Model, Version 4.5 (CLM 4.5), to simulate seasonal changes in SIF at a subalpine forest in Colorado. We found that when the model accounted for sustained NPQ, this provided a larger seasonal change in fluorescence yield leading to simulated SIF that more closely resembled the observed seasonal pattern (Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 [GOME-2] satellite platform and a tower-mounted spectrometer system). We found that an acclimation model based on mean air temperature was a useful predictor for sustained NPQ. Although light intensity was not an important factor for this analysis, it should be considered before applying the sustained NPQ and SIF to other cold climate evergreen biomes. More leaf-level fluorescence measurements are necessary to better understand the seasonal relationship between sustained and reversible components of NPQ and to what extent that influences SIF.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010624; SC0010625

OSTI ID:: 1611476

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1542505

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 124; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (69)

Land carbon sequestration within the conterminous United States: Regional- and state-level analyses: Regional U.S. land sinks and legacies Lu, Xiaoliang; Kicklighter, David W.; Melillo, Jerry M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Vol. 120, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002818	journal	February 2015
Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence that correlates with canopy photosynthesis on diurnal and seasonal scales in a temperate deciduous forest: Fluorescence and photosynthesis Yang, Xi; Tang, Jianwu; Mustard, John F. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063201	journal	April 2015
A Comparison of the Diel Cycle of Modeled and Measured Latent Heat Flux During the Warm Season in a Colorado Subalpine Forest Burns, Sean P.; Swenson, Sean C.; Wieder, William R. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS001248	journal	March 2018
Prediction in ecology: a first-principles framework Dietze, Michael C. Ecological Applications, Vol. 27, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1589	journal	August 2017
Representation of natural and anthropogenic land cover change in MPI-ESM: Land Cover in MPI-ESM Reick, C. H.; Raddatz, T.; Brovkin, V. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 5, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/jame.20022	journal	July 2013
Estimating regression models with unknown break-points Muggeo, Vito M. R. Statistics in Medicine, Vol. 22, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.1545	journal	January 2003
A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species Farquhar, G. D.; von Caemmerer, S.; Berry, J. A. Planta, Vol. 149, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386231	journal	June 1980
Physiology of the seasonal relationship between the photochemical reflectance index and photosynthetic light use efficiency Porcar-Castell, Albert; Garcia-Plazaola, José Ignacio; Nichol, Caroline J. Oecologia, Vol. 170, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2317-9	journal	April 2012
A new monitoring PAM fluorometer (MONI-PAM) to study the short- and long-term acclimation of photosystem II in field conditions Porcar-Castell, Albert; Pfündel, Erhard; Korhonen, Janne F. J. Photosynthesis Research, Vol. 96, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-008-9292-3	journal	February 2008
A model for chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis at leaf scale van der Tol, C.; Verhoef, W.; Rosema, A. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 149, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.07.007	journal	January 2009
Proximal NDVI derived phenology improves in-season predictions of wheat quantity and quality Magney, Troy S.; Eitel, Jan U. H.; Huggins, David R. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 217 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.11.009	journal	February 2016
Limitations to winter and spring photosynthesis of a Rocky Mountain subalpine forest Bowling, David R.; Logan, Barry A.; Hufkens, Koen Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 252 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.01.025	journal	April 2018
The role of the xanthophyll cycle and of lutein in photoprotection of photosystem II Jahns, Peter; Holzwarth, Alfred R. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, Vol. 1817, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.04.012	journal	January 2012
Climate change impacts on fire regimes and key ecosystem services in Rocky Mountain forests Rocca, Monique E.; Brown, Peter M.; MacDonald, Lee H. Forest Ecology and Management, Vol. 327 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2014.04.005	journal	September 2014
Disturbance and the carbon balance of US forests: A quantitative review of impacts from harvests, fires, insects, and droughts Williams, Christopher A.; Gu, Huan; MacLean, Richard Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.06.002	journal	August 2016
Spatial and temporal variation in primary productivity (NDVI) of coastal Alaskan tundra: Decreased vegetation growth following earlier snowmelt Gamon, John A.; Huemmrich, K. Fred; Stone, Robert S. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 129 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.030	journal	February 2013
The seasonal cycle of satellite chlorophyll fluorescence observations and its relationship to vegetation phenology and ecosystem atmosphere carbon exchange Joiner, J.; Yoshida, Y.; Vasilkov, A. P. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 152 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.022	journal	September 2014
Multisite analysis of land surface phenology in North American temperate and boreal deciduous forests from Landsat Melaas, Eli K.; Sulla-Menashe, Damien; Gray, Josh M. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 186 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.09.014	journal	December 2016
PhotoSpec: A new instrument to measure spatially distributed red and far-red Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Grossmann, Katja; Frankenberg, Christian; Magney, Troy S. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 216 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.07.002	journal	October 2018
Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence is more strongly related to absorbed light than to photosynthesis at half-hourly resolution in a rice paddy Yang, Kaige; Ryu, Youngryel; Dechant, Benjamin Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 216 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.07.008	journal	October 2018
Carbon sequestration studied in western U.S. mountains Schimel, David; Kittel, Timothy G. F.; Running, Steven Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, Vol. 83, Issue 40 https://doi.org/10.1029/2002EO000314	journal	January 2002
Attributing uncertainties in simulated biospheric carbon fluxes to different error sources: ANALYZING ERRORS IN BIOSPHERIC C MODELS Lin, J. C.; Pejam, M. R.; Chan, E. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003884	journal	June 2011
New global observations of the terrestrial carbon cycle from GOSAT: Patterns of plant fluorescence with gross primary productivity: CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE FROM SPACE Frankenberg, Christian; Fisher, Joshua B.; Worden, John Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 38, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048738	journal	September 2011
Seasonal pattern of regional carbon balance in the central Rocky Mountains from surface and airborne measurements Desai, Ankur R.; Moore, David J. P.; Ahue, William K. M. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue G4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001655	journal	January 2011
Solar‐Induced Fluorescence Detects Interannual Variation in Gross Primary Production of Coniferous Forests in the Western United States Zuromski, Lauren M.; Bowling, David R.; Köhler, Philipp Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077906	journal	July 2018
Steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (Fs) measurements as a tool to follow variations of net CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance during water-stress in C3 plants Flexas, Jaume; Escalona, Jose Mariano; Evain, Sebastian Physiologia Plantarum, Vol. 114, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140209.x	journal	February 2002
Ecosystem warming extends vegetation activity but heightens vulnerability to cold temperatures Richardson, Andrew D.; Hufkens, Koen; Milliman, Thomas Nature, Vol. 560, Issue 7718, p. 368-371 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0399-1	journal	August 2018
Strong constraint on modelled global carbon uptake using solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence data MacBean, Natasha; Maignan, Fabienne; Bacour, Cédric Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20024-w	journal	January 2018
Carbon sequestration in a high-elevation, subalpine forest Monson, R. K.; Turnipseed, A. A.; Sparks, J. P. Global Change Biology, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00480.x	journal	May 2002
Changes in terrestrial carbon storage in the United States. 2: The role of fire and fire management Houghton, R. A.; Hackler, J. L.; Lawrence, K. T. Global Ecology and Biogeography, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00164.x	journal	March 2000
The roles of hydraulic and carbon stress in a widespread climate-induced forest die-off Anderegg, W. R. L.; Berry, J. A.; Smith, D. D. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1107891109	journal	December 2011
Chlorophyll fluorescence—a practical guide Maxwell, Kate; Johnson, Giles N. Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 51, Issue 345 https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/51.345.659	journal	April 2000
Linking chlorophyll a fluorescence to photosynthesis for remote sensing applications: mechanisms and challenges Porcar-Castell, Albert; Tyystjärvi, Esa; Atherton, Jon Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 65, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru191	journal	May 2014
Acclimation of photosynthetic capacity in Scots pine to the annual cycle of temperature Makela, A.; Hari, P.; Berninger, F. Tree Physiology, Vol. 24, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/24.4.369	journal	April 2004
Simulations of chlorophyll fluorescence incorporated into the Community Land Model version 4 Lee, Jung-Eun; Berry, Joseph A.; van der Tol, Christiaan Global Change Biology, Vol. 21, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12948	journal	June 2015
Satellite chlorophyll fluorescence measurements reveal large-scale decoupling of photosynthesis and greenness dynamics in boreal evergreen forests Walther, Sophia; Voigt, Maximilian; Thum, Tea Global Change Biology, Vol. 22, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13200	journal	June 2016
Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence is strongly correlated with terrestrial photosynthesis for a wide variety of biomes: First global analysis based on OCO-2 and flux tower observations Li, Xing; Xiao, Jingfeng; He, Binbin Global Change Biology, Vol. 24, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14297	journal	June 2018
Intermittent low temperatures constrain spring recovery of photosynthesis in boreal Scots pine forests Ensminger, Ingo; Sveshnikov, Dmitry; Campbell, Douglas A. Global Change Biology, Vol. 10, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00781.x	journal	June 2004
Tree age, disturbance history, and carbon stocks and fluxes in subalpine Rocky Mountain forests Bradford, J. B.; Birdsey, R. A.; Joyce, L. A. Global Change Biology, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01686.x	journal	December 2008
Longer growing seasons lead to less carbon sequestration by a subalpine forest Hu, Jia; Moore, David J. P.; Burns, Sean P. Global Change Biology, Vol. 16, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01967.x	journal	February 2010
Effects of biotic disturbances on forest carbon cycling in the United States and Canada Hicke, Jeffrey A.; Allen, Craig D.; Desai, Ankur R. Global Change Biology, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02543.x	journal	October 2011
A high-resolution portrait of the annual dynamics of photochemical and non-photochemical quenching in needles of Pinus sylvestris Porcar-Castell, Albert Physiologia Plantarum, Vol. 143, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.2011.01488.x	journal	June 2011
Photoprotection in an ecological context: the remarkable complexity of thermal energy dissipation Demmig-Adams, Barbara; Adams, William W. New Phytologist, Vol. 172, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01835.x	journal	October 2006
Sustained energy dissipation in winter evergreens Verhoeven, Amy New Phytologist, Vol. 201, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12466	journal	August 2013
The photochemical reflectance index provides an optical indicator of spring photosynthetic activation in evergreen conifers Wong, Christopher Y. S.; Gamon, John A. New Phytologist, Vol. 206, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13251	journal	January 2015
Photoperiod constraints on tree phenology, performance and migration in a warming world: Photoperiod limits on tree climate responses Way, Danielle A.; Montgomery, Rebecca A. Plant, Cell & Environment, Vol. 38, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12431	journal	October 2014
Activation of photoprotective winter photoinhibition in plants from different environments: a literature compilation and meta-analysis Míguez, Fátima; Fernández-Marín, Beatriz; Becerril, José María Physiologia Plantarum, Vol. 155, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12329	journal	February 2015
OCO-2 advances photosynthesis observation from space via solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence Sun, Y.; Frankenberg, C.; Wood, J. D. Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6360 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam5747	journal	October 2017
Chlorophyll Fluorescence: A Probe of Photosynthesis In Vivo Baker, Neil R. Annual Review of Plant Biology, Vol. 59, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092759	journal	June 2008
A Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Investigation Of Ecosystem–Atmosphere CO ₂ Exchange Over the Rocky Mountains of Colorado Sun, Jielun; Oncley, Steven P.; Burns, Sean P. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 91, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1175/2009BAMS2733.1	journal	February 2010
Changes in the Timing of Snowmelt and Streamflow in Colorado: A Response to Recent Warming Clow, David W. Journal of Climate, Vol. 23, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2951.1	journal	May 2010
Carbon–Concentration and Carbon–Climate Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models Arora, Vivek K.; Boer, George J.; Friedlingstein, Pierre Journal of Climate, Vol. 26, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00494.1	journal	August 2013
Trends in Snowfall versus Rainfall in the Western United States Knowles, Noah; Dettinger, Michael D.; Cayan, Daniel R. Journal of Climate, Vol. 19, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3850.1	journal	September 2006
Climate Change and Bark Beetles of the Western United States and Canada: Direct and Indirect Effects Bentz, Barbara J.; Régnière, Jacques; Fettig, Christopher J. BioScience, Vol. 60, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2010.60.8.6	journal	September 2010
Photoprotective Strategies of Overwintering Evergreens Adams, William W.; Zarter, C. Ryan; Ebbert, Volker BioScience, Vol. 54, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0041:PSOOE]2.0.CO;2	journal	January 2004
Simulations show decreasing carbon stocks and potential for carbon emissions in Rocky Mountain forests over the next century Boisvenue, Céline; Running, Steven W. Ecological Applications, Vol. 20, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1890/09-0504.1	journal	July 2010
Integrating Solar Induced Fluorescence and the Photochemical Reflectance Index for Estimating Gross Primary Production in a Cornfield Cheng, Yen-Ben; Middleton, Elizabeth; Zhang, Qingyuan Remote Sensing, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5126857	journal	December 2013
Simulations of chlorophyll fluorescence incorporated into the Community Land Model version 4 Lee, Jung-Eun; Berry, Joseph A.; Van Der Tol, Christiaan Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-111004	text	January 2015
How can mountaintop CO ₂ observations be used to constrain regional carbon fluxes? Lin, John C.; Mallia, Derek V.; Wu, Dien Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5561-2017	journal	January 2017
A linear method for the retrieval of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from GOME-2 and SCIAMACHY data Köhler, P.; Guanter, L.; Joiner, J. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol. 8, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2589-2015	journal	January 2015
A linear method for the retrieval of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from GOME-2 and SCIAMACHY data Köhler, P.; Guanter, L.; Joiner, J. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-12173-2014	journal	January 2014
Investigating the usefulness of satellite-derived fluorescence data in inferring gross primary productivity within the carbon cycle data assimilation system Koffi, E. N.; Rayner, P. J.; Norton, A. J. Biogeosciences, Vol. 12, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4067-2015	journal	January 2015
Using satellite data to improve the leaf phenology of a global terrestrial biosphere model MacBean, N.; Maignan, F.; Peylin, P. Biogeosciences, Vol. 12, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7185-2015	journal	January 2015
The influence of warm-season precipitation on the diel cycle of the surface energy balance and carbon dioxide at a Colorado subalpine forest site Burns, S. P.; Blanken, P. D.; Turnipseed, A. A. Biogeosciences, Vol. 12, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-7349-2015	journal	January 2015
An observational constraint on stomatal function in forests: evaluating coupled carbon and water vapor exchange with carbon isotopes in the Community Land Model (CLM4.5) Raczka, Brett; Duarte, Henrique F.; Koven, Charles D. Biogeosciences, Vol. 13, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5183-2016	journal	January 2016
Modelling sun-induced fluorescence and photosynthesis with a land surface model at local and regional scales in northern Europe Thum, Tea; Zaehle, Sönke; Köhler, Philipp Biogeosciences, Vol. 14, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1969-2017	journal	January 2017
Water, Energy, and Carbon with Artificial Neural Networks (WECANN): a statistically based estimate of global surface turbulent fluxes and gross primary productivity using solar-induced fluorescence Alemohammad, Seyed Hamed; Fang, Bin; Konings, Alexandra G. Biogeosciences, Vol. 14, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4101-2017	journal	January 2017
Estimating global gross primary productivity using chlorophyll fluorescence and a data assimilation system with the BETHY-SCOPE model Norton, Alexander J.; Rayner, Peter J.; Koffi, Ernest N. Biogeosciences Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-270	journal	June 2018
Using satellite data to improve the leaf phenology of a global Terrestrial Biosphere Model MacBean, N.; Maignan, F.; Peylin, P. Biogeosciences Discussions, Vol. 12, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-13311-2015	journal	January 2015

Cited By (2)

Estimating global gross primary productivity using chlorophyll fluorescence and a data assimilation system with the BETHY-SCOPE model Norton, Alexander J.; Rayner, Peter J.; Koffi, Ernest N. Biogeosciences, Vol. 16, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3069-2019	journal	January 2019
Estimating global gross primary productivity using chlorophyll fluorescence and a data assimilation system with the BETHY-SCOPE model Norton, Alexander J.; Rayner, Peter J.; Koffi, Ernest N. Biogeosciences Discussions https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-270	journal	June 2018

Figures / Tables (8)

Similar Records

SIF-based GPP modeling for evergreen forests considering the seasonal variation in maximum photochemical efficiency

Journal Article · Wed Nov 15 19:00:00 EST 2023 · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · OSTI ID:2441037

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CLM
Environmental Sciences & Ecology
Geology
Niwot Ridge
land surface model
nonphotochemical quenching
solar‐induced fluorescence

Sustained Nonphotochemical Quenching Shapes the Seasonal Pattern of Solar-Induced Fluorescence at a High-Elevation Evergreen Forest

Citation Formats

References (69)

Cited By (2)

Figures / Tables (8)

Similar Records

Related Subjects