Versatility of Synthetic tRNAs in Genetic Code Expansion

Hoffman, Kyle; Crnković, Ana; Söll, Dieter

doi:10.3390/genes9110537

Title: Versatility of Synthetic tRNAs in Genetic Code Expansion

Journal Article · Wed Nov 07 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Genes

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9110537· OSTI ID:1610398

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Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a dynamic molecule used by all forms of life as a key component of the translation apparatus. Each tRNA is highly processed, structured, and modified, to accurately deliver amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis. The tRNA molecule is a critical component in synthetic biology methods for the synthesis of proteins designed to contain non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs). The multiple interactions and maturation requirements of a tRNA pose engineering challenges, but also offer tunable features. Major advances in the field of genetic code expansion have repeatedly demonstrated the central importance of suppressor tRNAs for efficient incorporation of ncAAs. Here we review the current status of two fundamentally different translation systems (TSs), selenocysteine (Sec)- and pyrrolysine (Pyl)-TSs. Idiosyncratic requirements of each of these TSs mandate how their tRNAs are adapted and dictate the techniques used to select or identify the best synthetic variants.

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Research Organization:: Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-98ER20311; CHE-1740549; R35GM122560

OSTI ID:: 1610398

Journal Information:: Genes, Vol. 9, Issue 11; ISSN 2073-4425

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 9 works

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Translational recoding: canonical translation mechanisms reinterpreted Rodnina, Marina V.; Korniy, Natalia; Klimova, Mariia Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 48, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz783	journal	September 2019
Synthetic Tyrosine tRNA Molecules with Noncanonical Secondary Structures Sakamoto, Kensaku; Hayashi, Akiko International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010092	journal	December 2018
Synthetic DNA and RNA Programming Genes, Vol. 10, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10070523	journal	July 2019

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