Five kHz thermometry in turbulent spray flames using chirped-probe pulse femtosecond CARS, part I: Processing and interference analysis

Thomas, Levi M.; Lowe, Albyn; Satija, Aman; Masri, Assaad R.; Lucht, Robert P.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.11.004

Five kHz thermometry in turbulent spray flames using chirped-probe pulse femtosecond CARS, part I: Processing and interference analysis

Journal Article · Thu Nov 22 04:00:00 EST 2018 · Combustion and Flame

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.11.004· OSTI ID:1609417

^[1]; Lowe, Albyn ^[2]; Satija, Aman ^[3]; Masri, Assaad R. ^[2]; Lucht, Robert P. ^[3]

Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States); DOE/OSTI
Univ. of Sydney, NSW (Australia)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

We have applied chirped-probe-pulse (CPP) femtosecond (fs) coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for 5 kHz temperature measurements in turbulent spray flames. The CPP fs CARS technique has previously been used to perform spectroscopic temperature measurements in highly turbulent laboratory burners with excellent accuracy, precision, temporal resolution, and spatial resolution. In this paper, ultrafast CARS measurements in spray flames are presented as part of a larger effort to provide spatially and temporally resolved temperature fields in harsh spray environments. The Sydney Needle Spray Burner (SYNSBURN^TM) was used to stabilize turbulent spray flames of acetone and ethanol. The burner features a retractable fuel injector so that the droplet density at the nozzle exit could be systematically varied. Results from selected regions of the turbulent spray flames are discussed in detail to highlight the challenges of CPP fs CARS temperature measurements. Sources of spectral distortion due to interaction with droplets are discussed along with an uncertainty analysis. The passage of fuel through the probe volume caused varying levels of signal degradation and resulted in complete signal loss on approximately 10% of the laser shots for dense spray conditions. The interferences are attributed to two separate phenomena and are categorized based on the probable phase of the fuel – liquid or gas. Interference caused by liquid fuel was unavoidable in certain regions at certain operating conditions, but easily identified and removed. Interference from vapor fuel was more problematic as the nitrogen signal was only moderately corrupted in the high-frequency portion of the spectrum, and the temperature was generally biased to higher values. Rejecting individual signal spectra, based on a fitting error threshold, was shown to be effective in excluding shots with significant interference from fuel droplets, but shots with only minor interference require a more-advanced rejection criterion. Analysis of the temperature fields for a few selected conditions is presented showing trends with the atomization quality of the liquid fuel. Fourier analysis revealed hydrodynamic instabilities in the shear layer and relatively weak thermoacoustic instabilities in the reaction zone.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-03ER15391

OSTI ID:: 1609417

Journal Information:: Combustion and Flame, Journal Name: Combustion and Flame Vol. 200; ISSN 0010-2180

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (27)

High dynamic range thermometry at 5 kHz in hydrogen-air diffusion flame using chirped-probe-pulse femtosecond coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering: High dynamic range thermometry at 5 kHz in hydrogen-air diffusion flame using CPP fs-CARS Dennis, Claresta N.; Satija, Aman; Lucht, Robert P. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, Vol. 47, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.4773	journal	September 2015
Spatially resolved Raman scattering for multi-species and temperature analysis in technically applied combustion systems: Spray flame and four-cylinder in-line engine Gr�nefeld, G.; Beushausen, V.; Andresen, P. Applied Physics B Laser and Optics, Vol. 58, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01082630	journal	April 1994
Theoretical modeling of single-laser-shot, chirped-probe-pulse femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering thermometry Richardson, D. R.; Lucht, R. P.; Kulatilaka, W. D. Applied Physics B, Vol. 104, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-011-4489-0	journal	April 2011
Gas turbine engine pollution Mellor, A. M. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 1, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1285(76)90023-X	journal	January 1976
Investigating a methanol spray flame interacting with an annular air jet using phase-Doppler interferometry and planar laser-induced fluorescence Friedman, Jacob A.; Renksizbulut, Metin Combustion and Flame, Vol. 117, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00136-9	journal	June 1999
Effects of turbulence and carrier fluid on simple, turbulent spray jet flames Starner, S.; Gounder, J.; Masri, A. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 143, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.08.016	journal	December 2005
5 kHz thermometry in a swirl-stabilized gas turbine model combustor using chirped probe pulse femtosecond CARS. Part 2. Analysis of swirl flame dynamics Slabaugh, Carson D.; Dennis, Claresta N.; Boxx, Isaac Combustion and Flame, Vol. 173 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.02.032	journal	November 2016
5 kHz thermometry in a swirl-stabilized gas turbine model combustor using chirped probe pulse femtosecond CARS. Part 1: Temporally resolved swirl-flame thermometry Dennis, Claresta N.; Slabaugh, Carson D.; Boxx, Isaac G. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 173 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.02.033	journal	November 2016
Turbulent spray flames of intermediate density: Stability and near-field structure Lowe, Albyn; Kourmatzis, Agisilaos; Masri, Assaad R. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 176 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.10.024	journal	February 2017
Tracer-LIF diagnostics: quantitative measurement of fuel concentration, temperature and fuel/air ratio in practical combustion systems Schulz, Christof; Sick, Volker Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2004.08.002	journal	January 2005
Dual-pump coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering thermometry in a sooting turbulent pool fire Kearney, Sean P.; Frederickson, Kraig; Grasser, Thomas W. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.148	journal	January 2009
Picosecond time-resolved pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy in sooting flames Kliewer, Christopher J.; Gao, Yi; Seeger, Thomas Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 33, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.05.067	journal	January 2011
Aviation gas turbine alternative fuels: A review Blakey, Simon; Rye, Lucas; Wilson, Christopher Willam Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 33, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.09.011	journal	January 2011
Chirped probe pulse femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering thermometry at 5 kHz in a Gas Turbine Model Combustor Dennis, Claresta N.; Slabaugh, Carson D.; Boxx, Isaac G. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 35, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.06.063	journal	January 2015
Influence of Pilot Flame Parameters on the Stability of Turbulent Jet Flames Guiberti, Thibault F.; Cutcher, Hugh; Roberts, William L. Energy & Fuels, Vol. 31, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b02052	journal	November 2016
Theory of femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy of gas-phase transitions Lucht, Robert P.; Kinnius, Paul J.; Roy, Sukesh The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 127, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2751184	journal	July 2007
Applications of Ultrafast Lasers for Optical Measurements in Combusting Flows Gord, James R.; Meyer, Terrence R.; Roy, Sukesh Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112957	journal	July 2008
Gas phase temperature measurements in the liquid and particle regime of a flame spray pyrolysis process using O ₂ -based pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering Engel, Sascha R.; Koegler, Andreas F.; Gao, Yi Applied Optics, Vol. 51, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.51.006063	journal	January 2012
Technique developments and performance analysis of chirped-probe-pulse femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering combustion thermometry Thomas, Levi M.; Satija, Aman; Lucht, Robert P. Applied Optics, Vol. 56, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.56.008797	journal	January 2017
Single-shot femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman-scattering thermometry Lang, Tobias; Motzkus, Marcus Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.19.000340	journal	January 2002
Interference-free gas-phase thermometry at elevated pressure using hybrid femtosecond/picosecond rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering Miller, Joseph D.; Dedic, Chloe E.; Roy, Sukesh Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.005003	journal	January 2012
Gas-phase temperature measurement in the vaporizing spray of a gasoline direct-injection injector by use of pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering Beyrau, Frank; Bräuer, Andreas; Seeger, Thomas Optics Letters, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.29.000247	journal	January 2004
Gas-phase single-shot thermometry at 1 kHz using fs-CARS spectroscopy Roy, Sukesh; Kulatilaka, Waruna D.; Richardson, Daniel R. Optics Letters, Vol. 34, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.34.003857	journal	January 2009
Development of a combined pure rotational and vibrational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering system Satija, Aman; Lucht, Robert P. Optics Letters, Vol. 38, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.001340	journal	January 2013
Quantitative, three-dimensional diagnostics of multiphase drop fragmentation via digital in-line holography Gao, Jian; Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Reu, Phillip L. Optics Letters, Vol. 38, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.001893	journal	January 2013
Locally Resolved Investigation of the Vaporization of gdi Sprays Applying Different Laser Techniques Beyrau, Frank; Weikl, Markus Christian; Schmitz, Ingo Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1615/AtomizSpr.v16.i3.50	journal	January 2006
Characterization of Partially Premixed Combustion Noehre, Christof; Andersson, Magnus; Johansson, Bengt Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference and Exhibition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-3412	conference	October 2006

Cited By (2)

Impact of moderate pump–Stokes chirp on femtosecond coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering spectra Gu, Mingming; Satija, Aman; Lucht, Robert P. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5754	journal	October 2019
Turbulent Combustion Modelling and Experiments: Recent Trends and Developments Giusti, A.; Mastorakos, E. Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, Vol. 103, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-019-00072-6	journal	November 2019

Similar Records

Five kHz thermometry in turbulent spray flames using chirped-probe-pulse femtosecond CARS, part II: Structure of reaction zones

Journal Article · Tue Nov 06 23:00:00 EST 2018 · Combustion and Flame · OSTI ID:1609416

Chirped-probe-pulse femtosecond CARS thermometry in turbulent spray flames

Journal Article · Tue Jul 31 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Proceedings of the Combustion Institute · OSTI ID:1609418

5 kHz thermometry in a swirl-stabilized gas turbine model combustor using chirped probe pulse femtosecond CARS. Part 1: Temporally resolved swirl-flame thermometry

Journal Article · Fri Jun 17 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Combustion and Flame · OSTI ID:1533658

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
laser diagnostics
spray flames
turbulent combustion
ultrafast spectroscopy

Five kHz thermometry in turbulent spray flames using chirped-probe pulse femtosecond CARS, part I: Processing and interference analysis

Citation Formats

References (27)

Cited By (2)

Similar Records

Related Subjects