Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys

Sabau, Adrian; Milligan, Brian K.; Mirmiran, Seyed; Glaspie, Christopher; Shyam, Amit; Haynes, James A.; Rodriguez, Andres; Gonzales, Alejandro V.; Talamantes, Jose

doi:10.3390/met10040430

Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys

Journal Article · Wed Mar 25 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Metals

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/met10040430· OSTI ID:1608199

^[1]; ^[2]; Mirmiran, Seyed ^[3]; Glaspie, Christopher ^[3]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Rodriguez, Andres ^[4]; Gonzales, Alejandro V. ^[4]; Talamantes, Jose ^[4]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles North America, LLC., Auburn Hills, MI (United States)
Nemak, Garza, Garcia Monterrey (Mexico)

The hot-tearing resistance of Al-Cu-Mn-Zr (ACMZ) alloys was investigated as a step toward introducing these new cast alloys for severe duty, higher-temperature applications, such as cylinder heads for down-sized, turbocharged automotive engines. Alloy Cu compositions were varied from 5 to 8 wt.%. Targeted Ti levels were 0.02, 0.1, and 0.2 wt.% via additions of the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy. Hot-tearing resistance was assessed by visual examination and ranking of the cracking severity in a multi-arm permanent mold casting. It was found that at high impurity contents (Fe and Si of 0.2 wt.% each), the Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloy with 4.95 wt.% Cu exhibited the poorest hot-tearing resistance, irrespective of the grain refining amount. Microstructural analysis indicated an effective reduction in the grain size, as the Ti additions were increased to 0.02 and 0.1 wt.% Ti via the Al–Ti–B grain refiner. The finest grain size was attained with a 0.1 wt.% Ti. Based on the hot-tearing evaluation, it was found that the additional grain refining via the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy at 0.1 wt.% Ti significantly reduces the hot-tearing susceptibility at Cu contents greater than 7.3 wt.% for ACMZ alloys with low Fe and Si. These findings indicate that the best hot-tearing resistance was observed at a grain refiner level of 0.1 wt.% Ti and high Cu content (greater than 7.3 wt.%). This study to indicates that these Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloys, which possess excellent microstructural stability and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, can also possess excellent hot-tearing resistance.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1608199

Journal Information:: Metals, Journal Name: Metals Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 10; ISSN MBSEC7; ISSN 2075-4701

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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