Automotive fuel cell stack and system efficiency and fuel consumption based on vehicle testing on a chassis dynamometer at minus 18 °C to positive 35 °C temperatures
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Transport Canada, Ottawa, ON (Canada)
In this work we present an in-depth laboratory technology assessment of a 2016 Toyota Mirai Fuel Cell (FC) vehicle based on chassis dynamometer testing. The 114.6 kW FC stack has a high dynamic response, which makes this powertrain a FC-dominant hybrid electric vehicle. The measured peak efficiency is 66.0% FC stack and 63.7% FC system with an idle hydrogen flow rate of 4.39 g/hr. The high FC system efficiencies at low loads match typical vehicle power spectrums, resulting in a high average vehicle efficiency of 62% compared to 45% and 23% for a hybrid electric vehicle and a conventional vehicle, respectively. An energy breakdown accounts for the FC stack losses, FC system losses, air compressor loads, and heater loads for different drive cycles and different thermal conditions. The cold-start North American city drive cycle (UDDS) energy consumption values are, respectively, 758, 581, 226, and 321 Wh/km at ambient conditions of -18 degrees C, -7 degrees C, -25 degrees C and 35 degrees C with 850 W/m2 of solar loading. The FC system shutdown and startup processes at temperatures below the freezing point contribute to the increased hydrogen consumption. Additionally, the raw test data files are available for download, thus providing the research community with a public reference data on a modern production automotive FC system.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Fuel Cell Technologies (FCTO); USDOE
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 1606353
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1703617
- Journal Information:
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 45, Issue 1; ISSN 0360-3199
- Publisher:
- ElsevierCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
Realistic simulation of fuel economy and life cycle metrics for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Realistic simulation of fuel economy and life cycle metrics for FCVs
|
journal | October 2016 |
Comparative Analysis of Internal Combustion Engine and Fuel Cell Range Extender
|
journal | April 2016 |
Current and Future United States Light-Duty Vehicle Pathways: Cradle-to-Grave Lifecycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Economic Assessment
|
journal | January 2018 |
Recent Advances in the Development of Hyundai · Kia's Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
|
journal | April 2010 |
Similar Records
Direct hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle cost analysis: System and high-volume manufacturing description, validation, and outlook
Comparison of well-to-wheels energy use and emissions of a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle relative to a conventional gasoline-powered internal combustion engine vehicle