Electrode Mesoscale as a Collection of Particles: Coupled Electrochemical and Mechanical Analysis of NMC Cathodes

Ferraro, Mark Edward; Trembacki, Bradley; Brunini, Victor; Noble, David R.; Roberts, Scott Alan

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ab632b

Title: Electrode Mesoscale as a Collection of Particles: Coupled Electrochemical and Mechanical Analysis of NMC Cathodes

Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab632b· OSTI ID:1605733

Ferraro, Mark Edward ^[1]; Trembacki, Bradley ^[1]; Brunini, Victor ^[1]; Noble, David R. ^[1]; Roberts, Scott Alan ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Battery electrodes are composed of polydisperse particles and a porous, composite binder domain. These materials are arranged into a complex mesostructure whose morphology impacts both electrochemical performance and mechanical response. We present image-based, particle-resolved, mesoscale finite element model simulations of coupled electrochemical-mechanical performance on a representative NMC electrode domain. Beyond predicting macroscale quantities such as half-cell voltage and evolving electrical conductivity, studying behaviors on a per-particle and per-surface basis enables performance and material design insights previously unachievable. Voltage losses are primarily attributable to a complex interplay between interfacial charge transfer kinetics, lithium diffusion, and, locally, electrical conductivity. Mesoscale heterogeneities arise from particle polydispersity and lead to material underutilization at high current densities. Particle-particle contacts, however, reduce heterogeneities by enabling lithium diffusion between connected particle groups. While the porous composite binder domain (CBD) may have slower ionic transport and less available area for electrochemical reactions, its high electrical conductivity makes it the preferred reaction site late in electrode discharge. Mesoscale results are favorably compared to both experimental data and macrohomogeneous models. This work enables improvements in materials design by providing a tool for optimization of particle sizes, CBD morphology, and manufacturing conditions.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1605733

Report Number(s):: SAND-2020-2283J; 684143

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online), Vol. 167, Issue 1; ISSN 1945-7111

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 57 works

Citation information provided by
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Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of a LiCoO2 Li-Ion Battery Cathode Hutzenlaub, Tobias; Thiele, Simon; Zengerle, Roland Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 15, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.002203esl	journal	January 2012
High Rate Capability of Li(Ni _1/3 Mn _1/3 Co _1/3 )O ₂ Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries Wu, Shao-Ling; Zhang, Wei; Song, Xiangyun Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 159, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.062204jes	journal	January 2012

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