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Title: Lattice QCD Inputs for nuclear double beta decay

Journal Article · · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3];  [2]
  1. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  2. Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
  3. Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (United States)

Second order β -decay processes with and without neutrinos in the final state are key probes of nuclear physics and of the nature of neutrinos. Neutrinoful double- β decay is the rarest Standard Model process that has been observed and provides a unique test of the understanding of weak nuclear interactions. Observation of neutrinoless double- β decay would reveal that neutrinos are Majorana fermions and that lepton number conservation is violated in nature. While significant progress has been made in phenomenological approaches to understanding these processes, establishing a connection between these processes and the physics of the Standard Model and beyond is a critical task as it will provide input into the design and interpretation of future experiments. The strong-interaction contributions to double- β decay processes are non-perturbative and can only be addressed systematically through a combination of lattice Quantum Chromoodynamics (LQCD) and nuclear many-body calculations. In this review, current efforts to establish the LQCD connection are discussed for both neutrinoful and neutrinoless double- β decay. LQCD calculations of the hadronic contributions to the neutrinoful process $$nn → ppe^-e^-\bar{v}_e\bar{v}_e$$ and to various neutrinoless pionic transitions are reviewed, and the connections of these calculations to the phenomenology of double- β decay through the use of effective field theory (EFTs) is highlighted. At present, LQCD calculations are limited to small nuclear systems, and to pionic subsystems, and require matching to appropriate EFTs to have direct phenomenological impact. However, these calculations have already revealed qualitatively that there are terms in the EFTs that can only be constrained from double- β decay processes themselves or using inputs from LQCD. Finally, future prospects for direct calculations in larger nuclei are also discussed.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC). Nuclear Physics (NP) (SC-26); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
89233218CNA000001; SC0011090; SC0018121; 1841699; AC52-06NA25396
OSTI ID:
1604055
Report Number(s):
LA-UR-20-20387; TRN: US2104191
Journal Information:
Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 112; ISSN 0146-6410
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 13 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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