Changes in peat chemistry associated with permafrost thaw increase greenhouse gas production

Hodgkins, Suzanne B.; Tfaily, Malak M.; McCalley, Carmody K.; Logan, Tyler A.; Crill, Patrick M.; Saleska, Scott R.; Rich, Virginia I.; Chanton, Jeffrey P.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1314641111

Changes in peat chemistry associated with permafrost thaw increase greenhouse gas production

Journal Article · Mon Apr 07 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1314641111· OSTI ID:1602275

Hodgkins, Suzanne B. ^[1]; Tfaily, Malak M. ^[2]; McCalley, Carmody K. ^[3]; Logan, Tyler A. ^[4]; Crill, Patrick M. ^[5]; Saleska, Scott R. ^[3]; Rich, Virginia I. ^[3]; Chanton, Jeffrey P. ^[2]

Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States); The Ohio State University
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Abisko (Sweden). Abisko Scientific Research Station
Stockholm Univ. (Sweden)

Carbon release due to permafrost thaw represents a potentially major positive climate change feedback. The magnitude of carbon loss and the proportion lost as methane (CH₄) vs. carbon dioxide (CO₂) depend on factors including temperature, mobilization of previously frozen carbon, hydrology, and changes in organic matter chemistry associated with environmental responses to thaw. While the first three of these effects are relatively well understood, the effect of organic matter chemistry remains largely unstudied. To address this gap, we examined the biogeochemistry of peat and dissolved organic matter (DOM) along a ~40-y permafrost thaw progression from recently- to fully thawed sites in Stordalen Mire (68.35°N, 19.05°E), a thawing peat plateau in northern Sweden. Thaw-induced subsidence and the resulting inundation along this progression led to succession in vegetation types accompanied by an evolution in organic matter chemistry. Peat C/N ratios decreased whereas humification rates increased, and DOM shifted toward lower molecular weight compounds with lower aromaticity, lower organic oxygen content, and more abundant microbially produced compounds. Corresponding changes in decomposition along this gradient included increasing CH₄ and CO₂ production potentials, higher relative CH₄/CO₂ ratios, and a shift in CH₄ production pathway from CO₂ reduction to acetate cleavage. These results imply that subsidence and thermokarst-associated increases in organic matter lability cause shifts in biogeochemical processes toward faster decomposition with an increasing proportion of carbon released as CH₄. This impact of permafrost thaw on organic matter chemistry could intensify the predicted climate feedbacks of increasing temperatures, permafrost carbon mobilization, and hydrologic changes.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0004632

OSTI ID:: 1602275

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 16 Vol. 111; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Tropical peatland carbon storage linked to global latitudinal trends in peat recalcitrance Hodgkins, Suzanne B.; Richardson, Curtis J.; Dommain, René Universität Potsdam https://doi.org/10.25932/publishup-45965	text	January 2021
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Dissolved organic matter and inorganic N jointly regulate greenhouse gases fluxes from forest soils with different moistures during a freeze-thaw period Wu, Haohao; Xingkai, Xu; Cheng, Weiguo Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.9907364	text	January 2019
Dissolved organic matter and inorganic N jointly regulate greenhouse gases fluxes from forest soils with different moistures during a freeze-thaw period Wu, Haohao; Xingkai, Xu; Cheng, Weiguo Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.9907364.v1	text	January 2019
Towards optimized viral metagenomes for double-stranded and single-stranded DNA viruses from challenging soils Trubl, Gareth; Roux, Simon; Solonenko, Natalie PeerJ, Vol. 7 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7265	journal	January 2019

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