Detecting Stealth Dark Matter Directly through Electromagnetic Polarizability

Appelquist, T.; Berkowitz, E.; Brower, R. C.; Buchoff, M. I.; Fleming, G. T.; Jin, X. -Y.; Kiskis, J.; Kribs, G. D.; Neil, E. T.; Osborn, J. C.; Rebbi, C.; Rinaldi, E.; Schaich, D.; Schroeder, C.; Syritsyn, S.; Vranas, P.; Weinberg, E.; Witzel, O.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.171803

Title: Detecting Stealth Dark Matter Directly through Electromagnetic Polarizability

Journal Article · Fri Oct 23 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.171803· OSTI ID:1601479

Appelquist, T. ^[1]; Berkowitz, E. ^[2]; Brower, R. C. ^[3]; Buchoff, M. I. ^[4]; Fleming, G. T. ^[1]; Jin, X. -Y. ^[5]; Kiskis, J. ^[6]; Kribs, G. D. ^[7]; Neil, E. T. ^[8]; Osborn, J. C. ^[5]; Rebbi, C. ^[3]; Rinaldi, E. ^[2]; Schaich, D. ^[9]; Schroeder, C. ^[2]; Syritsyn, S. ^[10]; Vranas, P. ^[2]; Weinberg, E. ^[3]; Witzel, O. ^[3]

Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Boston Univ., MA (United States)
Inst. of Nuclear Theory, Seatlle, WA (United States)
Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, Argonne, IL (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). RIKEN Research Center
Syracuse Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Physics
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). RIKEN Research Center

We calculate the spin-independent scattering cross section for direct detection that results from the electromagnetic polarizability of a composite scalar “stealth baryon” dark matter candidate, arising from a dark SU(4) confining gauge theory—“stealth dark matter.” In the nonrelativistic limit, electromagnetic polarizability proceeds through a dimension-7 interaction leading to a very small scattering cross section for dark matter with weak-scale masses. This represents a lower bound on the scattering cross section for composite dark matter theories with electromagnetically charged constituents. We carry out lattice calculations of the polarizability for the lightest “baryon” states in SU(3) and SU(4) gauge theories using the background field method on quenched configurations. We find the polarizabilities of SU(3) and SU(4) to be comparable (within about 50%) normalized to the stealth baryon mass, which is suggestive for extensions to larger SU(N) groups. The resulting scattering cross sections with a xenon target are shown to be possibly detectable in the dark matter mass range of about 200–700 GeV, where the lower bound is from the existing LUX constraint while the upper bound is the coherent neutrino background. Significant uncertainties in the cross section remain due to the more complicated interaction of the polarizablity operator with nuclear structure; however, the steep dependence on the dark matter mass, 1/m⁶_B, suggests the observable dark matter mass range is not appreciably modified. We highlight collider searches for the mesons in the theory as well as the indirect astrophysical effects that may also provide excellent probes of stealth dark matter.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Contributing Organization:: Lattice Strong Dynamics (LSD) Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0011640; AC52-07NA27344; SC0008669; SC0009998; SC0010025; FG02-92ER-40704; FG02-00ER41132; SC0012704; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1601479

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1224656; OSTI ID: 1241951

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-667121; PRLTAO; TRN: US2103665

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 17; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 30 works

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