Intrinsic quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure

Serlin, M.; Tschirhart, C. L.; Polshyn, H.; Zhang, Y.; Zhu, J.; Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, T.; Balents, L.; Young, A. F.

doi:10.1126/science.aay5533

Intrinsic quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure

Journal Article · Wed Dec 18 23:00:00 EST 2019 · Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay5533· OSTI ID:1600874

Serlin, M. ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Zhu, J. ^[1]; ^[2]; Taniguchi, T. ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[1]

Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

The quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect combines topology and magnetism to produce precisely quantized Hall resistance at zero magnetic field. We report the observation of a QAH effect in twisted bilayer graphene aligned to hexagonal boron nitride. The effect is driven by intrinsic strong interactions, which polarize the electrons into a single spin- and valley-resolved moiré miniband with Chern number C = 1. In contrast to magnetically doped systems, the measured transport energy gap is larger than the Curie temperature for magnetic ordering, and quantization to within 0.1% of the von Klitzing constant persists to temperatures of several kelvin at zero magnetic field. Electrical currents as small as 1 nanoampere controllably switch the magnetic order between states of opposite polarization, forming an electrically rewritable magnetic memory.

View Journal Article

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-08ER46524

OSTI ID:: 1600874

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1800574
OSTI ID: 2998612

Journal Information:: Science, Journal Name: Science Journal Issue: 6480 Vol. 367; ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (37)

Tunable interacting composite fermion phases in a half-filled bilayer-graphene Landau level Zibrov, A. A.; Kometter, C.; Zhou, H. Nature, Vol. 549, Issue 7672 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23893	journal	September 2017
Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices Cao, Yuan; Fatemi, Valla; Demir, Ahmet Nature, Vol. 556, Issue 7699 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature26154	journal	March 2018
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices Cao, Yuan; Fatemi, Valla; Fang, Shiang Nature, Vol. 556, Issue 7699 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature26160	journal	March 2018
Metal-to-insulator switching in quantum anomalous Hall states Kou, Xufeng; Pan, Lei; Wang, Jing Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9474	journal	October 2015
Electrical control of the ferromagnetic phase transition in cobalt at room temperature Chiba, D.; Fukami, S.; Shimamura, K. Nature Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3130	journal	October 2011
Magnetization switching through giant spin–orbit torque in a magnetically doped topological insulator heterostructure Fan, Yabin; Upadhyaya, Pramey; Kou, Xufeng Nature Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3973	journal	April 2014
High-precision realization of robust quantum anomalous Hall state in a hard ferromagnetic topological insulator Chang, Cui-Zu; Zhao, Weiwei; Kim, Duk Y. Nature Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4204	journal	March 2015
Trajectory of the anomalous Hall effect towards the quantized state in a ferromagnetic topological insulator Checkelsky, J. G.; Yoshimi, R.; Tsukazaki, A. Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3053	journal	August 2014
Efficient full spin–orbit torque switching in a single layer of a perpendicularly magnetized single-crystalline ferromagnet Jiang, Miao; Asahara, Hirokatsu; Sato, Shoichi Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10553-x	journal	June 2019
Evidence of a gate-tunable Mott insulator in a trilayer graphene moiré superlattice Chen, Guorui; Jiang, Lili; Wu, Shuang Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0387-2	journal	January 2019
Large linear-in-temperature resistivity in twisted bilayer graphene Polshyn, Hryhoriy; Yankowitz, Matthew; Chen, Shaowen Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0596-3	journal	August 2019
Superconductors, orbital magnets and correlated states in magic-angle bilayer graphene Lu, Xiaobo; Stepanov, Petr; Yang, Wei Nature, Vol. 574, Issue 7780 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1695-0	journal	October 2019
Reverse‐field reciprocity for conducting specimens in magnetic fields Sample, H. H.; Bruno, W. J.; Sample, S. B. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 61, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.338202	journal	February 1987
Visualizing ferromagnetic domains in magnetic topological insulators Wang, Wenbo; Yang, Fang; Gao, Chunlei APL Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921093	journal	August 2015
Magnetic modulation doping in topological insulators toward higher-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect Mogi, M.; Yoshimi, R.; Tsukazaki, A. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 107, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935075	journal	November 2015
Precision measurement of the quantized anomalous Hall resistance at zero magnetic field Götz, Martin; Fijalkowski, Kajetan M.; Pesel, Eckart Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5009718	journal	February 2018
Moire bands in twisted double-layer graphene Bistritzer, R.; MacDonald, A. H. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1108174108	journal	July 2011
Imaging Dirac-mass disorder from magnetic dopant atoms in the ferromagnetic topological insulator Cr _x (Bi _0.1 Sb _0.9 ) _2-x Te ₃ Lee, Inhee; Kim, Chung Koo; Lee, Jinho Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1424322112	journal	January 2015
Topological Bloch bands in graphene superlattices Song, Justin C. W.; Samutpraphoot, Polnop; Levitov, Leonid S. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, Issue 35 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1424760112	journal	August 2015
Topological quantum computation based on chiral Majorana fermions Lian, Biao; Sun, Xiao-Qi; Vaezi, Abolhassan Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810003115	journal	October 2018
Criterion for Ferromagnetism from Observations of Magnetic Isotherms Arrott, Anthony Physical Review, Vol. 108, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.108.1394	journal	December 1957
Substrate-induced band gap in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride: Ab initio density functional calculations Giovannetti, Gianluca; Khomyakov, Petr A.; Brocks, Geert Physical Review B, Vol. 76, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.073103	journal	August 2007
Flat bands in slightly twisted bilayer graphene: Tight-binding calculations Suárez Morell, E.; Correa, J. D.; Vargas, P. Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.121407	journal	September 2010
Nearly flat Chern bands in moiré superlattices Zhang, Ya-Hui; Mao, Dan; Cao, Yuan Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.075127	journal	February 2019
Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect with Higher Plateaus Wang, Jing; Lian, Biao; Zhang, Haijun Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.136801	journal	September 2013
Scale-Invariant Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulators beyond the Two-Dimensional Limit Kou, Xufeng; Guo, Shih-Ting; Fan, Yabin Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.137201	journal	September 2014
Model for a Quantum Hall Effect without Landau Levels: Condensed-Matter Realization of the "Parity Anomaly" Haldane, F. D. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 61, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.2015	journal	October 1988
Twisted bilayer graphene aligned with hexagonal boron nitride: Anomalous Hall effect and a lattice model Zhang, Ya-Hui; Mao, Dan; Senthil, T. Physical Review Research, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.033126	journal	November 2019
Visualization of superparamagnetic dynamics in magnetic topological insulators Lachman, Ella O.; Young, Andrea F.; Richardella, Anthony Science Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500740	journal	November 2015
Large discrete jumps observed in the transition between Chern states in a ferromagnetic topological insulator Liu, Minhao; Wang, Wudi; Richardella, Anthony R. Science Advances, Vol. 2, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600167	journal	July 2016
Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulators Yu, R.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, H. -J. Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5987 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1187485	journal	June 2010
Spin Transfer Torques in MnSi at Ultralow Current Densities Jonietz, F.; Muhlbauer, S.; Pfleiderer, C. Science, Vol. 330, Issue 6011 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1195709	journal	December 2010
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator Chang, C. -Z.; Zhang, J.; Feng, X. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6129 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234414	journal	March 2013
One-Dimensional Electrical Contact to a Two-Dimensional Material Wang, L.; Meric, I.; Huang, P. Y. Science, Vol. 342, Issue 6158 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244358	journal	October 2013
Quantized chiral edge conduction on domain walls of a magnetic topological insulator Yasuda, K.; Mogi, M.; Yoshimi, R. Science, Vol. 358, Issue 6368 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan5991	journal	December 2017
Tuning superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene Yankowitz, Matthew; Chen, Shaowen; Polshyn, Hryhoriy Science, Vol. 363, Issue 6431 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav1910	journal	January 2019
Emergent ferromagnetism near three-quarters filling in twisted bilayer graphene Sharpe, Aaron L.; Fox, Eli J.; Barnard, Arthur W. Science, Vol. 365, Issue 6453 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw3780	journal	July 2019

Similar Records

Intrinsic quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure

Journal Article · Wed Dec 18 23:00:00 EST 2019 · Science · OSTI ID:1800574

Tunable correlated Chern insulator and ferromagnetism in a moiré superlattice

Journal Article · Tue Mar 03 23:00:00 EST 2020 · Nature (London) · OSTI ID:1647087

Intrinsic quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure

Citation Formats

References (37)

Similar Records

Related Subjects