Biomass increases attributed to both faster tree growth and altered allometric relationships under long‐term carbon dioxide enrichment at a temperate forest

Kim, Dohyoung; Medvigy, David; Maier, Chris A.; Johnsen, Kurt; Palmroth, Sari

doi:10.1111/gcb.14971

Title: Biomass increases attributed to both faster tree growth and altered allometric relationships under long‐term carbon dioxide enrichment at a temperate forest

Journal Article · Wed Feb 12 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Global Change Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14971· OSTI ID:1599245

^[1];

^[1]; Maier, Chris A. ^[2]; Johnsen, Kurt ^[3]; Palmroth, Sari ^[4]

Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station Research Triangle Park NC USA
USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station Asheville NC USA
Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA

Abstract Increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) concentrations are expected to lead to increases in the rate of tree biomass accumulation, at least temporarily. On the one hand, trees may simply grow faster under higher CO ₂ concentrations, preserving the allometric relations that prevailed under lower CO ₂ concentrations. Alternatively, the allometric relations themselves may change. In this study, the effects of elevated CO ₂ (eCO ₂ ) on tree biomass and allometric relations were jointly assessed. Over 100 trees, grown at Duke Forest, NC, USA, were harvested from eight plots. Half of the plots had been subjected to CO ₂ enrichment from 1996 to 2010. Several subplots had also been subjected to nitrogen fertilization from 2005 to 2010. Allometric equations were developed to predict tree height, stem volume, and aboveground biomass components for loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.), the dominant tree species, and broad‐leaved species. Using the same diameter‐based allometric equations for biomass, it was estimated that plots with eCO ₂ contained 21% more aboveground biomass, consistent with previous studies. However, eCO ₂ significantly affected allometry, and these changes had an additional effect on biomass. In particular, P. taeda trees at a given diameter were observed to be taller under eCO ₂ than under ambient CO ₂ due to changes in both the allometric scaling exponent and intercept. Accounting for allometric change increased the treatment effect of eCO ₂ on aboveground biomass from a 21% to a 27% increase. No allometric changes for the nondominant broad‐leaved species were identified, nor were allometric changes associated with nitrogen fertilization. For P. taeda , it is concluded that eCO ₂ affects allometries, and that knowledge of allometry changes is necessary to accurately compute biomass under eCO ₂ . Further observations are needed to determine whether this assessment holds for other taxa.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1599245

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Journal Name: Global Change Biology Vol. 26 Journal Issue: 4; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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