Adhesion measurement of highly-ordered TiO₂ nanotubes on Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Processing and Application of Ceramics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2298/PAC1704311S· OSTI ID:1598960

Sarraf, Masoud ^[1]; Razak, Abdul ^[2]; Crum, Ryan ^[3]; Gámez, Carlos ^[4]; Ramirez, Brian ^[4]; Kasim, Noor ^[5]; Nasiri-Tabrizi, Bahman ^[6]; Gupta, Vijay ^[4]; Sukiman, Nazatul ^[5]; Basirun, Wan ^[5]

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1. Univ. of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). Center of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing, Dept. of Engineering
2. Univ. of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). Center of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing, Dept. of Engineering; Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
3. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
4. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
5. Univ. of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
6. Islamic Azad Univ., Najafabad, Isfahan (Iran). Advanced Materials Research Center, Materials Engineering Dept., Najafabad Branch

Self-assembled nanotubular arrays on Ti alloys could be used for more effective implantable devices in various medical approaches. In the present work, the adhesion of TiO₂ nanotubes (TiO₂ NTs) on Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) was investigated by laser spallation and scratch test techniques. At first, electrochemical anodization was performed in an ammonium fluoride solution dissolved in a 90:10 ethane-1,2-diol (ethylene glycol) and water solvent mixture. This process was performed at room temperature (23 °C) at a steady potential of 60 V for 1 h. Next, the TiO₂ nanotubes layer was heat-treated to improve the adhesion of the coating. The formation of self-organized TiO₂ nanotubes as well as the microstructural evolution, are strongly dependent on the processing parameters and subsequent annealing. From microscopic analysis, highly oriented arrays of TiO₂ nanotubes were grown by thermal treatment for 90 min at 500 °C. Further heat treatment above 500 °C led to the detachment of the nanotubes and the complete destruction of the nanotubes occurred at temperature above 700 °C. Scratch test analysis over a constant scratch length (1000 μm) indicated that the failure point was shifted from 247.4 to 557.9 μm while the adhesion strength was increased from ~862 to ~1814 mN after annealing at 500 °C. Finally, the adhesion measurement determined by laser spallation technique provided an intrinsic adhesion strength of 51.4 MPa for the TiO₂ nanotubes on the Ti64 substrate.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC52-07NA27344
• OSTI ID: 1598960
• Report Number(s): LLNL-JRNL-770742; 961273
• Journal Information: Processing and Application of Ceramics, Vol. 11, Issue 4; ISSN 1820-6131
• Publisher: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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