Additive Manufacturing of Optical Quality Germania–Silica Glasses

Journal Article · Tue Jan 14 00:00:00 EST 2020 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21136· OSTI ID:1598121

Sasan, Koroush  ^[1]; Lange, Andrew  ^[1]; Yee, Timothy D. ^[1]; Dudukovic, Nikola  ^[1]; Nguyen, Du T.  ^[1]; Johnson, Michael A. ^[1]; Herrera, Oscar D. ^[1]; Yoo, Jae Hyuck  ^[1]; Sawvel, April M.  ^[1]; Ellis, Megan Elizabeth ^[1]; Mah, Christopher M. ^[1]; Ryerson, Rick ^[1]; Wong, Lana L. ^[1]; Suratwala, Tayyab ^[1]; Destino, Joel F. ^[2]; Dylla-Spears, Rebecca ^[1]

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1. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
2. Creighton Univ., Omaha, NE (United States)

Direct ink writing (DIW) three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a revolutionary approach to fabricating components with gradients in material properties. Herein, we report a method for generating colloidal germania feedstock and germania–silica inks for the production of optical quality germania–silica (GeO₂–SiO₂) glasses by DIW, making available a new material composition for the development of multimaterial and functionally graded optical quality glasses and ceramics by additive manufacturing. Colloidal germania and silica particles are prepared by a base-catalyzed sol–gel method and converted to printable shear-thinning suspensions with desired viscoelastic properties for DIW. The volatile solvents are then evaporated, and the green bodies are calcined and sintered to produce transparent, crack-free glasses. Chemical and structural evolution of GeO₂–SiO₂ glasses is confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. UV–vis transmission and optical homogeneity measurements reveal comparable performance of the 3D printed GeO₂–SiO₂ glasses to glasses produced using conventional approaches and improved performance over 3D printed TiO₂–SiO₂ inks. Moreover, because GeO₂–SiO₂ inks are compatible with DIW technology, they offer exciting options for forming new materials with patterned compositions such as gradients in the refractive index that cannot be achieved with conventional manufacturing approaches.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC52-07NA27344
• OSTI ID: 1598121
• Report Number(s): LLNL-JRNL-770218; 961268
• Journal Information: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Vol. 12, Issue 5; ISSN 1944-8244
• Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
3D printing
GeO2–SiO2 glass
sol−gel
multimaterial
direct ink writing