skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Indium and thallium extraction into betainium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid from aqueous hydrochloric acid media

Journal Article · · New Journal of Chemistry
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ04879K· OSTI ID:1597480

The partitioning behavior of indium and thallium ions between aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions and hydrophobic betainium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid was studied using a standard liquid–liquid extraction technique. The experiments were mainly carried out by means of a radiochemical method, using 111In and 201Tl medical radionuclides at an ultra-trace concentration. Both mono- and trivalent thallium were utilized and the highest oxidation state (3+) was produced by adding either chlorine or bromine water to the aqueous phase prior to extraction. The metal ion transfer was optimized by varying the aqueous concentration of hydrochloric acid and by introducing zwitterionic betaine as an extracting agent into the aqueous phase. It was found that the highest D values of In(III), Tl(III) and Tl(I) in the investigated chemical systems were up to 200, 70, and 1, respectively. The influence of the addition of lithium salt, having common with the ionic liquid counterion, and the variation of mixing time on the distribution ratio of the metal ions were also studied. Finally, to understand the underlying extraction mechanism of the metal ions and to propose the predominant extracted species, mathematical models based on ion pair formation and ion exchange were developed.

Research Organization:
Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
FG02-93ER40773; NA0003180
OSTI ID:
1597480
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1596156
Journal Information:
New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 44, Issue 6; ISSN 1144-0546
Publisher:
Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 11 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (60)

Liquid–liquid extraction of actinides, lanthanides, and fission products by use of ionic liquids: from discovery to understanding journal January 2011
From Molten Salts to Ionic Liquids: A “Nano” Journey journal November 2011
Green and Sustainable Solvents in Chemical Processes journal January 2018
Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids. Solvents for Synthesis and Catalysis journal August 1999
Ionic liquids: solvent properties and organic reactivity journal January 2005
Amineborane-Based Chemical Hydrogen Storage:  Enhanced Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation in Ionic Liquids journal June 2006
Preparation and Applications of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids in Organic Synthesis: A Review on Recent Efforts journal April 2015
New developments in catalysis using ionic liquids journal December 2001
Ionic Liquids—New “Solutions” for Transition Metal Catalysis journal November 2000
SILCA—Supported ionic liquid catalysts for fine chemicals journal August 2007
Ionic Liquid-Modified Electrocatalysts: The Interaction of [C 1 C 2 Im][OTf] with Pt(1 1 1) and its Influence on Methanol Oxidation Studied by Electrochemical IR Spectroscopy journal January 2016
Reactivities of Some Electrogenerated Organic Cation Radicals in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids:  Toward an Alternative to Volatile Organic Solvents? journal February 2003
Pd Nanoparticle Formation in Ionic Liquid Thin Films Monitored by in situ Vibrational Spectroscopy journal October 2015
Ionic liquids: solvents and sorbents in sample preparation journal October 2017
Ionic-Liquid-Mediated Extraction and Separation Processes for Bioactive Compounds: Past, Present, and Future Trends journal February 2017
Actinide ion extraction using room temperature ionic liquids: opportunities and challenges for nuclear fuel cycle applications journal January 2017
Ionic Liquids as Extraction Solvents: Where do We Stand? journal June 2006
Multiscale Studies on Ionic Liquids journal February 2017
Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Solubilizing Metal Oxides journal October 2006
Extraction Behavior of U(VI) Using Novel Betainium-Type Ionic Liquids: More Hydrophobic Cations Enhance Extractability, Selectivity, and Recyclability journal November 2016
Recovery of Scandium(III) from Aqueous Solutions by Solvent Extraction with the Functionalized Ionic Liquid Betainium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide journal February 2015
Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Extraction of Metal Ions with a Functionalized Ionic Liquid journal May 2013
Ionic Liquid Based Separations of Trivalent Lanthanide and Actinide Ions. journal February 2014
Microwave-Assisted Solvent Extraction of Inert Platinum Group Metals from HNO 3 (aq) to Betainium-Based Thermomorphic Ionic Liquid journal March 2016
Extraction of Pd( ii ), Rh( iii ) and Ru( iii ) from HNO 3 aqueous solution to betainium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ionic liquid journal January 2014
Significant Acceleration of PGMs Extraction with UCST-Type Thermomorphic Ionic Liquid at Elevated Temperature journal December 2017
Selective Liquid–Liquid Extraction of Uranyl Species Using Task-specific Ionic Liquid, Betainium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide journal June 2014
Unusual redox stability of neptunium in the ionic liquid [Hbet][Tf 2 N] journal January 2014
Highly Efficient and Selective Dissolution Separation of Fission Products by an Ionic Liquid [Hbet][Tf 2 N]: A New Approach to Spent Nuclear Fuel Recycling journal December 2018
Preparation of 111In using irradiated natural cadmium target for medical applications with a simple ion exchange method journal July 2015
Production and Clinical Applications of Radiopharmaceuticals and Medical Radioisotopes in Iran journal July 2016
Germanium and Indium Recovery from Zinc Metallurgy by-Products—Dross Leaching in Sulphuric and Oxalic Acids journal December 2018
Europium, Yttrium, and Indium Recovery from Electronic Wastes journal September 2018
Recent advances in indium metallurgy: A review journal November 2017
Fractionation and mobility of thallium in areas impacted by mining-metallurgical activities: Identification of a water-soluble Tl(I) fraction journal June 2018
A review on the efficacy of the application of myriad carbonaceous materials for the removal of toxic trace elements in the environment journal October 2017
Thallium in the environment: A critical review focused on natural waters, soils, sediments and airborne particles journal September 2017
Extraction of thallium and indium isotopes as the homologues of nihonium into the ionic liquids journal October 2018
Resin Ion Exchange and Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Indium and Thallium from Chloride Media journal July 2015
Removal of transition metals from rare earths by solvent extraction with an undiluted phosphonium ionic liquid: separations relevant to rare-earth magnet recycling journal January 2013
Effect of aqueous hydrochloric acid and zwitterionic betaine on the mutual solubility between a protic betainium-based ionic liquid and water journal February 2019
Homogeneous Liquid–Liquid Extraction of Rare Earths with the Betaine—Betainium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Ionic Liquid System journal October 2013
Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Trivalent Gallium, Indium and Thallium from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by Trioctyl Phosphine Oxide. journal January 1996
Thallium Transfer from Hydrochloric Acid Media into Pure Ionic Liquids journal February 2016
The Stability of Metal Halide Complexes in Aqueous Solution. V. The Chloride and Bromide Complexes of Thallium(III). journal January 1963
Speciation of indium( iii ) chloro complexes in the solvent extraction process from chloride aqueous solutions to ionic liquids journal January 2017
Overview of the Effect of Salts on Biphasic Ionic Liquid/Water Solvent Extraction Systems: Anion Exchange, Mutual Solubility, and Thermomorphic Properties journal April 2015
Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Indium from Flat-Panel Displays of Spent Liquid Crystal Televisions journal January 2015
Equilibrium dynamics in the thallium(III)-chloride system in acidic aqueous solution journal April 1989
Structure of Thallium(III) Chloride, Bromide, and Cyanide Complexes in Aqueous Solution journal May 1995
Determination of Hydrogen Single Ion Activity Coefficients in Aqueous HCl Solutions at 25°C journal March 2004
Determination of Single-Ion Activities of H + and Cl – in Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by Use of an Ionic Liquid Salt Bridge journal November 2011
The coordination chemistry of thallium(I) journal November 1972
A Raman Study of Thallium(III) Chloride Complexes in Aqueous Solution journal May 1965
Liquid-liquid extraction of indium (III) from aqueous acid solutions by acid organophosphorus compounds journal June 1992
Structural properties of the inner coordination sphere of indium chloride complexes in organic and aqueous solutions journal January 2014
U.V.-absorptionsspektren von Tl(III)-halogenidkomplexen in Wässeriger Lösung journal November 1970
Hydrophobic polymerized ionic liquids for trace metal solid phase extraction: thallium transfer from hydrochloric acid media journal January 2019
Thallous chloride complexes in 0 to 6 molal sodium chloride at 25°C journal December 1992
Ionic Liquids: Solvent Properties and Organic Reactivity journal August 2005