A Low-Cost Iron-Based Current Collector for Alkaline Battery Electrodes

Irshad, Ahamed; Mitra, D.; Sundar Rajan, A.; Trinh, P.; Balasubramanian, M.; Narayanan, S. R.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ab6dd5

A Low-Cost Iron-Based Current Collector for Alkaline Battery Electrodes

Journal Article · Thu Jan 30 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab6dd5· OSTI ID:1596682

Irshad, Ahamed ^[1]; Mitra, D. ^[1]; Sundar Rajan, A. ^[1]; Trinh, P. ^[1]; Balasubramanian, M. ^[2]; Narayanan, S. R. ^[1]

Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Loker Hydrocarbon Research Inst.
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

The use of three-dimensional porous nickel foam as the current collector of the nickel hydroxide electrode adds significantly to the cost of the nickel-based alkaline rechargeable batteries. Although iron is considerably less expensive than nickel, iron corrodes at the operating potential of the nickel hydroxide electrode. We have found that a 70–100 nm thick thermal coating of cobalt ferrite spinel protects the iron from corrosion. Such a coated iron substrate was found to be stable against corrosion even when polarized anodically at 10 mA cm^-2in 30% potassium hydroxide electrolyte for 1000 h. While the thermal coating of cobalt ferrite protected iron against corrosion, incorporation of lithium ions into the coating was found to enhance the electrical conductivity of the coating. XPS and EXAFS studies confirmed that the enhanced conductivity resulted from an increase in the population of Co³⁺ in the ferrite spinel lattice. An inexpensive iron (steel) substrate protected by such a coating when used as a nickel hydroxide battery electrode exhibited a specific capacity of 0.25 Ah g^-1 at C/5 discharge rate, comparable to a nickel hydroxide electrode based on a relatively expensive nickel foam substrate. The steel-based electrode also exhibited no noticeable degradation over 150 cycles at C/2 rate. This demonstration of a robust and economical steel substrate presents a unique opportunity for reducing the cost of the nickel hydroxide battery electrode in alkaline batteries

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1596682

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online), Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society (Online) Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 167; ISSN 1945-7111

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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