Origin and Transformation of Light Hydrocarbons Ascending at an Active Pockmark on Vestnesa Ridge, Arctic Ocean

Pape, T.; Bünz, S.; Hong, W. ‐L.; Torres, M. E.; Riedel, M.; Panieri, G.; Lepland, A.; Hsu, C. ‐W.; Wintersteller, P.; Wallmann, K.; Schmidt, C.; Yao, H.; Bohrmann, G.

doi:10.1029/2018JB016679

Title: Origin and Transformation of Light Hydrocarbons Ascending at an Active Pockmark on Vestnesa Ridge, Arctic Ocean

Journal Article · Mon Jan 13 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016679· OSTI ID:1582501

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MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences University of Bremen Bremen Germany
Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences UiT—The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway
Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences UiT—The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway, Geological Survey of Norway Trondheim Norway
College of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA
GEOMAR—Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Germany

Abstract We report on the geochemistry of hydrocarbons and pore waters down to 62.5 mbsf, collected by drilling with the MARUM‐MeBo70 and by gravity coring at the Lunde pockmark in the Vestnesa Ridge. Our data document the origin and transformations of volatiles feeding gas emissions previously documented in this region. Gas hydrates are present where a fracture network beneath the pockmark focusses migration of thermogenic hydrocarbons characterized by their C ₁ /C ₂₊ and stable isotopic compositions (δ ² H‐CH ₄ , δ ¹³ C‐CH ₄ ). Measured geothermal gradients (~80 °C/km) and known formation temperatures (>70 °C) suggest that those hydrocarbons are formed at depths >800 mbsf. A combined analytical/modeling approach, including concentration and isotopic mass balances, reveals that pockmark sediments experience diffuse migration of thermogenic hydrocarbons. However, at sites without channeled flow this appears to be limited to depths >~50 mbsf. At all sites we document a contribution of microbial methanogenesis to the overall carbon cycle that includes a component of secondary carbonate reduction—that is, reduction of dissolved inorganic carbon generated by anaerobic oxidation of methane in the uppermost methanogenic zone. Anaerobic oxidation of methane and carbonate reduction rates are spatially variable within the pockmark and are highest at high‐flux sites. These reactions are revealed by ¹³ C depletions of dissolved inorganic carbon at the sulfate‐methane interface at all sites. However, ¹³ C depletions of CH ₄ are only observed at the low methane flux sites because changes in the isotopic composition of the overall methane pool are masked at high‐flux sites. ¹³ C depletions of total organic carbon suggest that at seeps sites, methane‐derived carbon is incorporated into de novo synthesized biomass.

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Research Organization:: Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐FE0013531; FE0013531

OSTI ID:: 1582501

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1582503; OSTI ID: 1799760

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth Vol. 125 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 19 works

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