Legume Addition to Perennial Warm‐Season Grass Swards Increases Harvested Biomass

Jakubowski, Andrew R.; Casler, Michael D.; Jackson, Randall D.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2017.04.0266

Title: Legume Addition to Perennial Warm‐Season Grass Swards Increases Harvested Biomass

Journal Article · Thu Sep 28 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Crop Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2017.04.0266· OSTI ID:1581846

Jakubowski, Andrew R. ^[1]; Casler, Michael D. ^[2]; Jackson, Randall D. ^[1]

Dep. of Agronomy and USDOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Univ. of Wisconsin‐Madison 1575 Linden Dr. Madison WI 53706
Dep. of Agronomy and USDOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Univ. of Wisconsin‐Madison 1575 Linden Dr. Madison WI 53706, USDA‐ARS, US Dairy Forage Research Center 1925 Linden Dr. Madison WI 53706

The adoption of perennial warm‐season grass crops for bioenergy production faces significant social, economic, and agronomic challenges. The inclusion of legumes in warm‐season grass swards may increase productivity, reduce weed pressure and the need for fertilizer inputs, and allow farmers greater management flexibility. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate whether the overseeding of red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) in warm‐season grass swards can improve biomass yields and reduce weed cover, (ii) to determine if biomass yield gains arise from increased N availability or the biomass production of the legume crop, and (iii) to determine whether switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) or big bluestem ( Andropogon gerardii Vitman.) accessions respond differently to red clover overseeding. Once established, red clover addition increased biomass yields in unfertilized swards to levels equivalent to fertilization with 112 kg N ha ⁻¹ and reduced weed cover by 7%. The yield gains with clover addition were consistent irrespective of the warm‐season grass accession tested and were attributable to the production of biomass by the clover. The incorporation of legumes in mixtures with perennial warm‐season grasses can and should play a part in improving the viability of these cropping systems. Future studies should consider alternative planting, harvesting, and weed control in a long‐term experimental framework to refine management of legume and warm‐season grass mixtures.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐FC02‐07ER64494

OSTI ID:: 1581846

Journal Information:: Crop Science, Journal Name: Crop Science Vol. 57 Journal Issue: 6; ISSN 0011-183X

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 7 works

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