Dark Energy in Light of Multi-Messenger Gravitational-Wave Astronomy

Ezquiaga, Jose María; Zumalacárregui, Miguel

doi:10.3389/fspas.2018.00044

Title: Dark Energy in Light of Multi-Messenger Gravitational-Wave Astronomy

Journal Article · Fri Dec 21 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2018.00044· OSTI ID:1580824

Ezquiaga, Jose María ^[1]; Zumalacárregui, Miguel ^[2]

Autonomous Univ. of Madrid (Spain)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)

Gravitational waves (GWs) provide a new tool to probe the nature of dark energy (DE) and the fundamental properties of gravity. We review the different ways in which GWs can be used to test gravity and models for late-time cosmic acceleration. Lagrangian-based gravitational theories beyond general relativity (GR) are classified into those breaking fundamental assumptions, containing additional fields and massive graviton(s). In addition to Lagrangian based theories we present the effective theory of DE and the $$\mu$$-$$\Sigma$$ parametrization as general descriptions of cosmological gravity. Multi-messenger GW detections can be used to measure the cosmological expansion (standard sirens), providing an independent test of the DE equation of state and measuring the Hubble parameter. Several key tests of gravity involve the cosmological propagation of GWs, including anomalous GW speed, massive graviton excitations, Lorentz violating dispersion relation, modified GW luminosity distance and additional polarizations, which may also induce GW oscillations. We summarize present constraints and their impact on DE models, including those arising from the binary neutron star merger GW170817. Upgrades of LIGO-Virgo detectors to design sensitivity and the next generation facilities such as LISA or Einstein Telescope will significantly improve these constraints in the next two decades.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1580824

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, Vol. 5; ISSN 2296-987X

Publisher:: Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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GW170608: Observation of a 19 Solar-mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing https://doi.org/10.15488/3346	other	January 2017
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H0LiCOW - V. New COSMOGRAIL time delays of HE 0435-1223: H0 to 3.8 per cent precision from strong lensing in a flat ΛCDM model Bonvin, V.; Courbin, F.; Suyu, Sh Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.43691	text	January 2017
Bimetric gravity is cosmologically viable Yashar, Akramia,; S. F., Hassan,; Frank, Könnig, ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000107104	text	January 2015
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Generalized G-inflation: Inflation with the most general second-order field equations Kobayashi, Tsutomu; Yamaguchi, Masahide; Yokoyama, Jun'ichi arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1105.5723	text	January 2011
Everything You Always Wanted To Know About The Cosmological Constant Problem (But Were Afraid To Ask) Martin, Jerome arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1205.3365	text	January 2012
The parameter space in Galileon gravity models Barreira, Alexandre; Li, Baojiu; Sanchez, Ariel arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1302.6241	text	January 2013
Effective theory for the Vainshtein mechanism from the Horndeski action Koyama, Kazuya; Niz, Gustavo; Tasinato, Gianmassimo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1305.0279	text	January 2013
Phantom dark energy from non-local infrared modifications of General Relativity Maggiore, Michele arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1307.3898	text	January 2013
Strong Binary Pulsar Constraints on Lorentz Violation in Gravity Yagi, Kent; Blas, Diego; Yunes, Nicolas arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1307.6219	text	January 2013
A few cosmological implications of tensor nonlocalities Ferreira, Pedro G.; Maroto, Antonio L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1310.1238	text	January 2013
Non-local gravity and dark energy Maggiore, Michele; Mancarella, Michele arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1402.0448	text	January 2014
Maximal freedom at minimum cost: linear large-scale structure in general modifications of gravity Bellini, Emilio; Sawicki, Ignacy arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1404.3713	text	January 2014
Measuring the speed of cosmological gravitational waves Raveri, Marco; Baccigalupi, Carlo; Silvestri, Alessandra arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1405.7974	text	January 2014
Derivative self-interactions for a massive vector field Jiménez, Jose Beltrán; Heisenberg, Lavinia arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1602.03410	text	January 2016
Degenerate higher order scalar-tensor theories beyond Horndeski and disformal transformations Achour, Jibril Ben; Langlois, David; Noui, Karim arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1602.08398	text	January 2016
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Relativistic Stars in Beyond Horndeski Theories Babichev, Eugeny; Koyama, Kazuya; Langlois, David arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.06627	text	January 2016
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Priors on the effective Dark Energy equation of state in scalar-tensor theories Raveri, Marco; Bull, Philip; Silvestri, Alessandra arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.05297	text	January 2017
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Strong constraints on cosmological gravity from GW170817 and GRB 170817A Baker, Tessa; Bellini, Emilio; Ferreira, Pedro G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.06394	text	January 2017
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Vainshtein mechanism after GW170817 Crisostomi, Marco; Koyama, Kazuya arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.06661	text	January 2017
A general theory of linear cosmological perturbations: stability conditions, the quasistatic limit and dynamics Lagos, Macarena; Bellini, Emilio; Noller, Johannes arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.09893	text	January 2017
Nonlinear Effective Theory of Dark Energy Cusin, Giulia; Lewandowski, Matthew; Vernizzi, Filippo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.02782	text	January 2017
Dark Energy and Modified Gravity in the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure Cusin, Giulia; Lewandowski, Matthew; Vernizzi, Filippo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.02783	text	January 2017
Self-accelerating universe in scalar-tensor theories after GW170817 Crisostomi, Marco; Koyama, Kazuya arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.06556	text	January 2017
The gravitational-wave luminosity distance in modified gravity theories Belgacem, Enis; Dirian, Yves; Foffa, Stefano arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.08108	text	January 2017
Direct detection of gravitational waves can measure the time variation of the Planck mass Amendola, Luca; Sawicki, Ignacy; Kunz, Martin arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.08623	text	January 2017
Measuring the Hubble constant with neutron star black hole mergers Vitale, Salvatore; Chen, Hsin-Yu arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.07337	text	January 2018
Solar system vs. gravitational-wave bounds on the graviton mass Will, Clifford M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1805.10523	text	January 2018
Essentials of k-essence Armendariz-Picon, C.; Mukhanov, V.; Steinhardt, Paul J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0006373	text	January 2000
Testing General Relativity with Pulsar Timing Stairs, Ingrid H. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0307536	text	January 2003
Ghosts in Massive Gravity Creminelli, Paolo; Nicolis, Alberto; Papucci, Michele arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0505147	text	January 2005
Stability of a black hole and the speed of gravity waves within self-tuning cosmological models Babichev, Eugeny; Charmousis, Christos; Esposito-Farese, Gilles arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.04398	text	January 2017

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