Cooling Induced Surface Reconstruction during Synthesis of High-Ni Layered Oxides
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Sustainable Energy Technologies Dept.
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept.
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China)
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Sustainable Energy Technologies Dept.; Hebei Univ. of Technology, Tianjing (China)
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo (China). Ningbo Inst. of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source
- Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Materials Science and Engineering; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ. (IAU), Dammam (Saudi Arabia)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Sustainable Energy Technologies Dept.
Transition metal layered oxides have been the dominant cathodes in lithiumion batteries, and among them, high-Ni ones (LiNixMnyCozO2; x ≥ 0.7) with greatly boosted capacity and reduced cost are of particular interest for largescale applications. The high Ni loading, on the other hand, raises the critical issues of surface instability and poor rate performance. The rational design of synthesis leading to layered LiNi0.7Mn0.15Co0.15O2 with greatly enhanced rate capability is demonstrated, by implementing a quenching process alternative to the general slow cooling. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, coupled with surface analysis, is applied to studies of the synthesis process, revealing cooling-induced surface reconstruction involving Li2CO3 accumulation, formation of a Li-deficient layer and Ni reduction at the particle surface. The reconstruction process occurs predominantly at high temperatures (above 350 °C) and is highly cooling-rate dependent, implying that surface reconstruction can be suppressed through synthetic control, i.e., quenching to improve the surface stability and rate performance of the synthesized materials. These findings may provide guidance to rational synthesis of high-Ni cathode materials.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL); South University of Science and Technology of China (SUSTC)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0012704; AC02‐06CH11357; AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 1574924
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1570394; OSTI ID: 1763743
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-212356-2019-JAAM; BNL-212443-2019-JAAM; TRN: US2001072
- Journal Information:
- Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 43; ISSN 1614-6832
- Publisher:
- WileyCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
Using in situ and operando methods to characterize phase changes in charged lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide cathode materials
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journal | January 2020 |
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