Changes in Relative Fish Density Around a Deployed Tidal Turbine during on-Water Activities

Staines, Garrett; Zydlewski, Gayle; Viehman, Haley

doi:10.3390/su11226262

Changes in Relative Fish Density Around a Deployed Tidal Turbine during on-Water Activities

Journal Article · Fri Nov 08 00:00:00 UTC 2019 · Sustainability (Basel)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/su11226262· OSTI ID:1573521

; ; Viehman, Haley

Global interest in mitigating climate change effects is a driver for the development of renewable energy sources. In-stream tidal power, a type of marine hydrokinetic (MHK) energy uses tidal currents to generate electricity and is one example of developing a renewable energy industry. Effects and impacts on fishes in areas of tidal power development are a consideration, and presently there are many unanswered questions in this field of research. Knowledge of how fish use these areas before and after device installation is essential to informing regulators for decision-making. We attempted a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) study design to compare an index of fish density near and away from an MHK tidal energy device deployed in Cobscook Bay, Maine. The index was mean volume backscattering strength (Sv) obtained from 24-hour stationary, down-looking hydroacoustic surveys. Data were collected several times per year at an “impact” site within 50–75 m of a device and at a “control” site approximately 1.6 km away, both before and after turbine installation in August 2012. Fish density was lowest in March surveys and highest in May surveys at both sites. One of four comparisons (August 2011/before vs. 2012/after) indicated an interaction of fish density with turbine installation. Operational status of the installed turbine and on-water activity disturbances (e.g., industry vessel and diving activities) varied at the impact site and possibly influenced results. Lower fish densities were observed during installation and maintenance periods than during normal device operation. The effects of construction activities must be separated from the effects of a deployed device to effectively implement a statistically rigorous assessment that could separate the effects of these different activities. This parsimonious approach and results were used for permit licensing by federal and state regulatory bodies at this site and others and can be used to consider regulatory adjustments during different phases of device operation and maintenance.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Water Power Technologies Office

OSTI ID:: 1573521

Journal Information:: Sustainability (Basel), Journal Name: Sustainability (Basel) Journal Issue: 22 Vol. 11; ISSN SUSTDE; ISSN 2071-1050

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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