Sr and O isotopes in western Aleutian seafloor lavas: Implications for the source of fluids and trace element character of arc volcanic rocks

Yogodzinski, Gene M.; Kelemen, Peter B.; Hoernle, Kaj; Brown, Shaun T.; Bindeman, Ilya; Vervoort, Jeffrey D.; Sims, Kenneth W. W.; Portnyagin, Maxim; Werner, Reinhard

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.007

Sr and O isotopes in western Aleutian seafloor lavas: Implications for the source of fluids and trace element character of arc volcanic rocks

Journal Article · Sun Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Earth and Planetary Science Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.007· OSTI ID:1571933

^[1]; Kelemen, Peter B. ^[2]; Hoernle, Kaj ^[3]; ^[4]; Bindeman, Ilya ^[5]; Vervoort, Jeffrey D. ^[6]; Sims, Kenneth W. W. ^[7]; Portnyagin, Maxim ^[8]; Werner, Reinhard ^[3]

Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
GEOMAR – Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel (Germany)
Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States)
Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States)
GEOMAR – Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel (Germany); V.I. Vernadsky Inst. of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Moscow (Russia)

High Mg# andesites and dacites (Mg# = molar Mg/Mg + Fe) from western Aleutian seafloor volcanoes carry high concentrations of Sr (>1000 ppm) that is unradiogenic (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr < 0.7029) compared to lavas from emergent volcanoes throughout the arc (200–800 ppm Sr,⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr >0.7030). Data patterns in plots of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr vs Y/Sr and Nd/Sr imply the existence of an eclogite-melt source component – formed by partial melting of MORB eclogite in the subducting Pacific Plate – which is most clearly expressed in the compositions of western Aleutian andesites and dacites (Nd/Sr and Y/Sr < 0.02) and which dominates the source budget for Sr in volcanic rocks throughout the arc. When viewed in combination with inversely correlated ε_Nd and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, these patterns rule out aqueous fluids as an important source of Sr because mixtures of fluids from altered oceanic crust with depleted mantle and sediment produce compositions with ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr higher than in common Aleutian rocks. The unradiogenic nature of Sr in the western Aleutian andesite–dacite end-member may be understood if H₂O required to drive melting of the subducting oceanic crust is transported in fluids containing little Sr. Mass balance demonstrates that such fluids may be produced by dewatering of serpentinite in the mantle section of the subducting plate. If the eclogite-melt source component is present throughout the Aleutian arc, melting of the subducting plate must extend into minimally altered parts of the sheeted dike section or upper gabbros, at depths >2 km below the paleo-seafloor. Oxygen isotopes in western Aleutian seafloor lavas, which fall within a narrow range of MORB-like values (δ¹⁸ O=5.1–5.7), are also consistent with this model. These results indicate that the subducting Pacific lithosphere beneath the Aleutian arc is significantly hotter than indicated my most thermal models.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1571933

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1549694

Journal Information:: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Journal Name: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Journal Issue: C Vol. 475; ISSN 0012-821X

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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