Seasonal Injection Strategies for Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering

Visioni, Daniele; MacMartin, Douglas G.; Kravitz, Benjamin S.; Tilmes, Simone; Mills, Michael J.; Richter, Jadwiga H.; Boudreau, Matthew P.

doi:10.1029/2019GL083680

Seasonal Injection Strategies for Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering

Journal Article · Mon Jul 08 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Geophysical Research Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083680· OSTI ID:1571489

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Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN (United States); Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Atmospheric Science and Global Change Div. (ASGC)
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)

Simulations of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering have typically considered injections at a constant rate over the entire year. However, the seasonal variability of both sunlight and the stratospheric circulation suggests seasonally-dependent injection strategies. In this work, we simulated single point injections of the same amount of SO₂ in each of the four seasons and at five different latitudes (30S, 15S, Equator, 15N, 30N), 5 km above the tropopause. Our findings suggest that injecting only during one season reduces the amount of SO₂ needed to achieve a certain aerosol optical depth (AOD), thus potentially reducing some of the side-effects of geoengineering. We find, in particular, that injections at 15N or 15S in spring of the corresponding hemisphere results in the largest reductions in incoming solar radiation. Compared to annual injections, by injecting in the different seasons we identify additional distinct spatiotemporal AOD patterns, thanks to seasonal differences in the stratospheric circulation.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1571489

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1532552

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--146267

Journal Information:: Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Issue: 13 Vol. 46; ISSN 0094-8276

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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