Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Tuning the Reactivity of Cyclopropenes from Living Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) to Single‐Addition and Alternating ROMP

Journal Article · · Angewandte Chemie (International Edition)
Abstract

Ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) has become one of the most important living polymerizations. Cyclopropenes (CPEs) remain underexplored for ROMP. Described here is that the simple swap of 1‐methyl to 1‐phenyl on 1‐(benzoyloxymethyl)CPEs elicited strikingly different modes of reactivity, switching from living polymerization to either selective single‐addition or living alternating ROMP. The distinct reactivity stems from differences in steric repulsions at the Ru alkylidene after CPE ring opening. Possible olefin or oxygen chelation from ring‐opened CPE substituents was also observed to significantly affect the rate of propagation. These results demonstrate the versatility of CPEs as a new class of monomers for ROMP, provide mechanistic insights for designing new monomers with rare single‐addition reactivity, and generate a new functionalizable alternating copolymer scaffold with controlled molecular weight and low dispersity.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1571331
Journal Information:
Angewandte Chemie (International Edition), Journal Name: Angewandte Chemie (International Edition) Journal Issue: 49 Vol. 58; ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher:
Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
Germany
Language:
English

References (57)

Synthesis of A,B-Alternating Copolymers by Ring-Opening-Insertion-Metathesis Polymerization journal October 2002
Mechanism of Olefin Metathesis with Catalysis by Ruthenium Carbene Complexes: Density Functional Studies on Model Systems journal September 2002
Synthesis of A,B-Alternating Copolymers by Ring-Opening-Insertion-Metathesis Polymerization journal October 2002
Alternierende Copolymerisation durch einen Grubbs-Initiator mit einem unsymmetrischen chiralen N-heterocyclischen Carbenliganden journal March 2008
Synthesis of Discrete Oligomers by Sequential PET-RAFT Single-Unit Monomer Insertion journal December 2016
Das Distortion/Interaction-Activation-Strain-Modell zur Analyse von Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten journal July 2017
Alternating Copolymerizations Using a Grubbs-Type Initiator with an Unsymmetrical, Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand journal March 2008
Synthesis of Discrete Oligomers by Sequential PET-RAFT Single-Unit Monomer Insertion journal December 2016
Analyzing Reaction Rates with the Distortion/Interaction-Activation Strain Model journal July 2017
Polycyclooctatetraene (polyacetylene) produced with a ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst journal October 2001
Precise Placement of Single Monomer Units in Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization journal October 2019
The ROMP toolbox upgraded journal June 2010
Precision Synthesis of Alternating Copolymers via Ring-Opening Polymerization of 1-Substituted Cyclobutenes journal February 2016
Ru-Catalyzed Isomerization Provides Access to Alternating Copolymers via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization journal July 2015
Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (AROMP) of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Monomers Provides Oligomers with Side-Chain Sequence Control journal May 2018
Synthesis of Cis , syndiotactic A -alt -B Copolymers from Two Enantiomerically Pure Trans -2,3-Disubstituted-5,6-Norbornenes journal August 2016
Iterative Radical Addition with a Special Monomer Carrying Bulky and Convertible Pendant: A New Concept toward Controlling the Sequence for Vinyl Polymers journal May 2016
Efficient and Facile End Group Control of Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymers via Single Addition of Functional Cyclopropenes journal May 2018
Synthesis of Stereoregular Polymers through Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization journal June 2014
Sequence-Controlled Polymers by Ruthenium-Mediated Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization book September 2014
A survey of strained organic molecules journal June 1976
Selectivity in Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Z -Cyclooctenes Catalyzed by a Second-generation Grubbs Catalyst journal November 2012
Efficient and Recyclable Monomeric and Dendritic Ru-Based Metathesis Catalysts journal August 2000
Mechanism and Activity of Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts:  The Role of Ligands and Substrates from a Theoretical Perspective journal March 2004
The Elusive Mechanism of Olefin Metathesis Promoted by (NHC)Ru-Based Catalysts:  A Trade between Steric, Electronic, and Solvent Effects journal October 2006
Scope of the Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) Reaction of 1-Substituted Cyclobutenes journal August 2010
Synthesis of cis,syndiotactic ROMP Polymers Containing Alternating Enantiomers
  • Flook, Margaret M.; Ng, Victor W. L.; Schrock, Richard R.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 133, Issue 6, p. 1784-1786 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja110949f
journal January 2011
Regio- and Stereoselective Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of 3-Substituted Cyclooctenes journal March 2011
Isomeric Cyclopropenes Exhibit Unique Bioorthogonal Reactivities journal September 2013
Theory of 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions: Distortion/Interaction and Frontier Molecular Orbital Models journal August 2008
Synthesis of Copolymers by Alternating ROMP (AROMP) journal March 2009
Synthesis of Alternating trans -AB Copolymers through Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Initiated by Molybdenum Alkylidenes journal February 2015
Living Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Based on Single Monomer Additions journal July 2015
Synthesis of cis,syndiotactic- A -alt -B Copolymers from Enantiomerically Pure Endo -2-Substituted-5,6-Norbornenes journal March 2017
Discrete and Stereospecific Oligomers Prepared by Sequential and Alternating Single Unit Monomer Insertion journal September 2018
Benzoladderene Mechanophores: Synthesis, Polymerization, and Mechanochemical Transformation journal April 2019
Living Polymerization Caught in the Act: Direct Observation of an Arrested Intermediate in Metathesis Polymerization journal June 2019
Modeling Ring-Chain Equilibria in Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cycloolefins journal March 1995
Kinetics and thermodynamics of the metathesis reaction of cycloolefins. 2. Molecular weight distribution journal July 1984
Alternating Copolymerizations of Polar and Nonpolar Cyclic Olefins by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization journal January 2002
Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Cyclopropenes journal February 2006
Z-Selective and Syndioselective Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) Initiated by Monoaryloxidepyrrolide (MAP) Catalysts journal September 2010
A Bicyclo[4.2.0]octene-Derived Monomer Provides Completely Linear Alternating Copolymers via Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (AROMP) journal September 2014
Stereospecific Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of 3-Methyl-3-phenylcylopropene by Molybdenum Alkylidene Initiators journal May 2008
Homologous Poly(isobutylene)s: Poly(isobutylene)/High-Density Poly(ethylene) Hybrid Polymers journal November 2008
The Living ROMP of trans -Cyclooctene journal February 2009
PC-Polyolefins: Synthesis and Assembly Behavior in Water journal May 2009
Utility of a Ruthenium Metathesis Catalyst for the Preparation of End-Functionalized Polybutadiene journal February 1997
Ruthenium Alkylidene Initiated Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of 3-Substituted Cyclobutenes journal June 1997
Tuning the Steric Properties of a Metathesis Catalyst for Copolymerization of Norbornene and Cyclooctene toward Complete Alternation journal June 2010
DFT Study of the Isomerization and Spectroscopic/Structural Properties of Ruthenacyclobutane Intermediates Relevant to Olefin Metathesis journal December 2008
Conformational Analysis of Olefin−Carbene Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts journal April 2009
Alternating ring-opening metathesis polymerization by Grubbs-type catalysts with N -pentiptycenyl, N -alkyl-NHC ligands journal January 2018
Relevance of cis- and trans-dichloride Ru intermediates in Grubbs-II olefin metathesis catalysis (H2IMesCl2RuCHR) journal January 2008
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization of 8-membered cyclic olefins journal January 2014
Mechanochemical unzipping of insulating polyladderene to semiconducting polyacetylene journal August 2017
3-Hydroxymethyl-3-phenylcyclopropene journal January 2014

Similar Records

Tuning the Reactivity of Cyclopropenes from Living Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) to Single‐Addition and Alternating ROMP
Journal Article · Mon Oct 21 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Angewandte Chemie · OSTI ID:1571332

Unraveling Reactivity Differences: Room-Temperature Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) versus Frontal ROMP
Journal Article · Mon Mar 04 19:00:00 EST 2024 · Journal of the American Chemical Society · OSTI ID:2341316

The design and synthesis of electroactive and magnetic polymers
Thesis/Dissertation · Thu Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1992 · OSTI ID:7274157

Related Subjects